新热带白蚁角鼻鼻白蚁（等翅目；鼻白蚁科）蚁群中的有翅成虫产生与性别比例

Alate production and sex ratio in colonies of the Neotropical termite Nasutitermes corniger (Isoptera; Termitidae).

Thorne Barbara L

Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 02138, Cambridge, Mass, USA.

Oecologia. 1983 Apr;58(1):103-109. doi: 10.1007/BF00384548.

Abstract

Dissections of 49 entire Nasutitermes corniger (Motschulsky) colonies collected in Panama immediately prior to the nuptial flights give data on numbers, biomass and sex ratio of alates produced by individual colonies. 2) Twenty-six other colonies were collected and dissected in the early period of alate nymph development. Alate nymphs proceed through five instars, spending 5-8 months within the parental colony. 3) Even when comparing colonies of similar size, variation in reproductive output among N. corniger colonies in a population is marked. Mature colonies (neuter population size 50,000-400,000) generally produce 5,000-25,000 alates, although some large colonies had no fertile brood, at least during the year they were censused. 4) On average, colonies which produce alates have 35% of the colony biomass invested in alates (or late instar nymphs) shortly before the nuptial flight. 5) Female N. corniger alates are 1.2-1.4 times heavier (dry weight) than male nestmates. Numerical sex ratio among colonies is skewed toward males, while biomass "investment" sex ratio is not significantly different from 1:1. These data conform to Fisher's amended theory of expected sex ratio.

摘要

在巴拿马婚飞之前立即采集的49个完整的角鼻白蚁（Nasutitermes corniger，莫氏）蚁群的解剖，提供了关于各个蚁群产生的有翅成虫数量、生物量和性别比例的数据。2）在有翅若虫发育早期采集并解剖了另外26个蚁群。有翅若虫历经五龄，在亲代蚁群中度过5至8个月。3）即使比较大小相似的蚁群，种群内角鼻白蚁蚁群的繁殖产出差异也很显著。成熟蚁群（工蚁数量为50,000 - 400,000）通常产生5,000 - 25,000只有翅成虫，不过一些大蚁群没有可育幼虫，至少在进行普查的那一年是这样。4）平均而言，产生有翅成虫的蚁群在婚飞前不久，有35%的蚁群生物量投入到有翅成虫（或老龄若虫）中。5）角鼻白蚁有翅雌虫比同巢雄虫重1.2 - 1.4倍（干重）。蚁群中的数量性别比偏向雄性，而生物量“投资”性别比与1:1没有显著差异。这些数据符合费希尔修正后的预期性别比理论。