Reiners William A, Olson Richard K
Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, 03755, Hanover, NH, USA.
Oecologia. 1984 Aug;63(3):320-330. doi: 10.1007/BF00390660.
Five canopy components of subalpine balsam fir forests (branches with young needles, branches with old needles, non-foliated twigs, lichen-covered twigs, and boles) were treated with simulated rain to test the influence of these components on throughfall and stemflow chemistry. Effects on the fluxes of potassium, sodium, hydrogen, sulfate, nitrate and ammonium ions by the canopy components were tested in relation to rain application rate, duration of rain, and time since the last rain. Interactions between ionic behavior and components were complex. In general, the ionic behavior ranged from high levels of net efflux to mixed influx-efflux to high levels of influx in the order: sulfate, potassium, sodium, nitrate, hydrogen, ammonium. In cases in which application rates produced significantly different results, net flux rates increased with application rate. Branch components mostly ranged from low flux rates (either influx or efflux) to high rates according to the order: young needles<old needles<twigs<lichencovered twigs.
对亚高山香脂冷杉林的五个冠层组分（带嫩针叶的树枝、带老针叶的树枝、无叶细枝、地衣覆盖的细枝和树干）进行模拟降雨处理，以测试这些组分对穿透雨和茎流化学性质的影响。针对降雨施用量、降雨持续时间以及上次降雨后的时间，测试了冠层组分对钾、钠、氢、硫酸根、硝酸根和铵离子通量的影响。离子行为与组分之间的相互作用很复杂。一般来说，离子行为的范围从高水平的净流出到流入 - 流出混合再到高水平的流入，顺序为：硫酸根、钾、钠、硝酸根、氢、铵。在施用量产生显著不同结果的情况下，净通量率随施用量增加。树枝组分的通量率大多从低水平（流入或流出）到高水平，顺序为：嫩针叶＜老针叶＜细枝＜地衣覆盖的细枝。
