Pritchard I M, James R
School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, NR4 7TJ, Norwich, Great Britain.
Oecologia. 1984 Sep;64(1):132-139. doi: 10.1007/BF00377555.
The effects of a number of factors, notably leaf mining insects, on the longevity of beech and holm oak leaves have been studied. The regular monitoring of individually labelled leaves was complemented by analysis of leaf fall data. Both methods confirm that these mining insects have only a slight impact on their host trees. The presence of first generation Phyllonorycter maestingella mines on beech leaves and winter generation P. messaniella mines on holm oak leaves accelerates leaf loss. Beech leaves mined by second generation P. maestingella and Rhynchaenus fagi did not show this accelerated loss. Their patterns of leaf fall can be explained by within-tree variation in both mine distribution and the timing of leaf fall. It is argued that this premature leaf fall is a damage response, and is not an attempt by the tree to regulate miner numbers.
人们已经研究了许多因素，尤其是食叶昆虫，对山毛榉和圣栎树叶寿命的影响。通过对落叶数据的分析，对单独标记的树叶进行定期监测得到了补充。两种方法都证实，这些食叶昆虫对其寄主树的影响很小。山毛榉树叶上第一代梅氏叶潜蛾的虫瘿以及圣栎树叶上冬季世代的梅氏叶潜蛾的虫瘿会加速树叶脱落。第二代梅氏叶潜蛾和法氏象鼻虫蛀蚀的山毛榉树叶并未出现这种加速脱落的情况。它们的落叶模式可以通过树内虫瘿分布和落叶时间的变化来解释。有人认为，这种过早落叶是一种损害反应，而不是树木调节潜叶虫数量的一种尝试。
