Margules C R, Nicholls A O, Austin M P
Division of Water and Land Resources, CSIRO, GPO Box 1666, 2601, Canberra, A.C.T., Australia.
Oecologia. 1987 Jan;71(2):229-232. doi: 10.1007/BF00377288.
Changes in species diversity are examined in relation to a multidimensional environmental gradient using Eucalyptus species in south-eastern Australia. By fitting a generalized linear model, the response of the community parameter, species diversity, is shown to be related to three environmental variables, mean annual rainfall, mean annual temperature and a relative measure of solar radiation. The effects of rainfall and temperature were both statistically significant and large, solar radiation was significant but small. However, the influence of the two major variables was not independent but interacted in a complex way that prevents adequate description of species diversity as a function of either variable alone. Possible biological explanations of the complexity are discussed in terms of limiting conditions at low temperatures, and competition between guilds of species at high temperatures and medium to high rainfall.
利用澳大利亚东南部的桉树种，研究了物种多样性的变化与多维环境梯度的关系。通过拟合广义线性模型，群落参数物种多样性的响应显示与三个环境变量相关，即年平均降雨量、年平均温度和太阳辐射的相对量度。降雨量和温度的影响在统计上均显著且影响较大，太阳辐射显著但影响较小。然而，这两个主要变量的影响并非独立，而是以复杂的方式相互作用，这使得无法仅将物种多样性充分描述为任一变量的函数。从低温下的限制条件以及高温和中高降雨量条件下物种类群之间的竞争方面，讨论了这种复杂性可能的生物学解释。
