Forsberg J
Department of Zoology, University of Stockholm, S-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
Oecologia. 1987 Apr;72(1):52-57. doi: 10.1007/BF00385044.
Females of the butterflies Pieris napi and Pontia daplidice discriminate against large hostplant individuals, usually preferring low rosettes or seedlings, when hostplants are abundant. In this paper the larval mobility between young hostplant, and differences in survival and growth rate on low versus tall conspecific hostplants were studied in these two species in Sweden. The results suggest that the largest effect of plant size is that small plants support faster growth than bigger ones. This seems to be due to differences in microclimate conditions, not an effect of different suitability as food. Thus, on the assumption that there are no systematic differences in larval death rate, which is supported by the results in this study, preference for small hostplants should be advantagous, leading to higher survival during development, and higher probability for an additional brood per year.
在寄主植物充足时，黄钩蛱蝶和欧洲粉蝶的雌性会避开大型寄主植物个体，通常更喜欢低矮的莲座叶丛或幼苗。本文研究了瑞典这两个蝶种幼虫在幼嫩寄主植物间的移动性，以及在低矮和高大同种寄主植物上的存活率和生长率差异。结果表明，植株大小的最大影响在于小植株比大植株更能支持幼虫快速生长。这似乎是由于小气候条件的差异，而非食物适宜性不同所致。因此，基于本研究结果支持的幼虫死亡率无系统差异这一假设，偏好小型寄主植物应具有优势，可提高发育期间的存活率，并增加每年产生额外一代的概率。
