Wilson J Bastow
Botany Department, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Oecologia. 1989 Aug;80(2):263-267. doi: 10.1007/BF00380161.
Much ecological theory assumes that the number of species that can coexist (by 'species packing') is limited, because competitive exclusion occurs when any pair of species within a guild is too similar - 'species saturation' or 'niche limitation'. If such niche limitation occurs, the proportion of species in each guild should be relatively constant - 'guild proportionality'. This concept is applied to the guilds represented by strata in a forest. A method is produced, and used to examine a New Zealand temperate rain forest. Most strata showed no deviation from a null model of no niche limitation, i.e. no tendency to guild proportionality. The proportion of lianes was more variable than in the null model, tending to be inversely related to the proportion of epiphytes, Canopy tree proportion was significantly more constant than in the null model, but this could be interpreted as a limit caused by the size of a canopy tree individual.
许多生态学理论认为，能够共存（通过“物种填充”）的物种数量是有限的，因为当一个群落内的任何一对物种过于相似时，就会发生竞争排斥——“物种饱和”或“生态位限制”。如果发生这种生态位限制，每个群落中物种的比例应该相对恒定——“群落比例性”。这个概念适用于森林中由不同层次代表的群落。一种方法被提出，并用于研究新西兰的温带雨林。大多数层次与无生态位限制的零模型没有偏差，即没有群落比例性的趋势。藤本植物的比例比零模型中的更具变化性，且往往与附生植物的比例呈负相关。树冠层树木的比例比零模型中的显著更恒定，但这可以解释为由树冠层树木个体大小造成的限制。
