Campbell D J
Biology Department, The University of Wollongong, P.O. Box 1144, 2500, Wollongong, N.S.W., Australia.
Oecologia. 1992 Dec;92(4):548-551. doi: 10.1007/BF00317847.
The most crowded individuals in a population often compete for space and develop a regular pattern of spacing. Such regularity is not normally recognized because it occurs within high-density regions of a populated area showing overall aggregation. Thus competition for space, as reflected by spatial pattern, often goes undetected when standard tests for spatial randomness are used. The test described in this paper makes use of truncated samples of nearest-neighbour distances arranged in ascending order, so that only the pattern of spacing of the most crowded individuals is analysed. This is the basis of Pielou's test (1962, 1977) for spatial competition. An advantage of the approach described is that the density of the most crowded individuals is determined graphically. The graphical method also provides a means for choosing an appropriate, non-arbitrary, truncation point for the test. The test was applied to two samples of singing crickets to demonstrate the procedure. The biological significance of the spacing patterns identified is discussed.
种群中最密集的个体常常会争夺空间，并形成一种有规律的分布模式。这种规律性通常不被人们所认识，因为它出现在人口密集区域内呈现整体聚集的高密度区域中。因此，当使用空间随机性的标准测试时，由空间模式所反映出的对空间的竞争往往无法被检测到。本文所描述的测试利用按升序排列的最近邻距离的截断样本，这样就只分析了最密集个体的分布模式。这就是皮洛（1962年、1977年）空间竞争测试的基础。所述方法的一个优点是，可以通过图形确定最密集个体的密度。这种图形方法还提供了一种手段，可为测试选择一个合适的、非任意的截断点。该测试应用于两个鸣蟋蟀样本以演示该过程。文中还讨论了所识别出的分布模式的生物学意义。
