Steinlein T, Heilmeier H, Schulze E-D
Lehrstuhl Pflanzenökologie, Universität Bayreuth, Postfach 101251, W-8580, Bayreuth, Germany.
Oecologia. 1993 Mar;93(3):374-382. doi: 10.1007/BF00317881.
Four biennial species (Arctium tomentosum, Cirsium vulgare, Dipsacus sylvester and Daucus carota) which originate from habitats of different nutrient availability were investigated in a 2-year experiment in a twofactorial structured block design varying light (natural daylight versus shading) and fertilizer addition. The experiment was designed to study storage as reserve formation (competing with growth) or as accumulation (see Chapin et al. 1990). We show that (i) the previous definitions of storage excluded an important process, namely the formation of storage tissue. Depending on species, storage tissue and the filling process can be either a process of reserve formation, or a process of accumulation. (ii) In species representing low-resource habitats, the formation of a storage structure competes with other growth processes. Growth of storage tissue and filling with storage products is an accumulation process only in the high-resource plant Arctium tomentosum. We interpret the structural growth of low-resource plants in terms of the evolutionary history of these species, which have closely related woody species in the Mediterranean area. (iii) The use of storage products for early leaf growth determines the biomass development in the second season and the competitive ability of this species during growth with perennial species. (iv) The high-resource plant Arctium has higher biomass development under all conditions, i.e. plants of low-resource habitats are not superior under low-resource conditions. The main difference between high- and low-resource plants is that low-resource plants initiate flowering at a lower total plant internal pool size of available resources.
在一项为期两年的实验中，采用双因素结构化区组设计，对四种两年生植物（绒毛牛蒡、大翅蓟、阔叶川续断和胡萝卜）进行了研究，这些植物源自不同养分可利用性的栖息地，实验设置了光照（自然日光与遮荫）和施肥两个变量。该实验旨在研究储存是作为储备形成（与生长竞争）还是作为积累（见Chapin等人，1990）。我们发现：（i）先前对储存的定义排除了一个重要过程，即储存组织的形成。根据物种不同，储存组织和填充过程既可以是储备形成过程，也可以是积累过程。（ii）在代表低资源栖息地的物种中，储存结构的形成与其他生长过程相互竞争。储存组织的生长和储存产物的填充仅在高资源植物绒毛牛蒡中是一个积累过程。我们根据这些物种在地中海地区有密切相关的木本物种这一进化历史，来解释低资源植物的结构生长。（iii）利用储存产物进行早期叶片生长决定了第二季的生物量发展以及该物种在与多年生物种竞争生长期间的竞争能力。（iv）高资源植物牛蒡在所有条件下都有更高的生物量发展，即低资源栖息地的植物在低资源条件下并不占优势。高资源植物和低资源植物的主要区别在于，低资源植物在植物体内可用资源总量较低时就开始开花。
