Johansson Frank
Department of Animal Ecology, University of Umeå, S-90187, Umeå, Sweden.
Oecologia. 1992 Aug;91(2):179-183. doi: 10.1007/BF00317781.
Cannibalism is likely to operate as a form of population control in dragonfly larvae. I performed aquarium experiments to investigate the effect of foraging activity and zooplankton availability on cannibalism in three dragonfly larvae. Large Cordulia aenea larvae showed low activity, and large Leucorrhinia dubia larvae showed high activity irrespective of zooplankton availability. In contrast, large Coenagrion hastulatum larvae changed from high activity in the absence to low activity in the presence of zooplankton. Small Cordulia aenea larvae were active in the absence of large conspecifics irrespective of zooplankton availability. In the presence of large conspecifics they showed a reduced activity when zooplankton were present. Small L. dubia larvae showed high activity and small Coenagrion hastulatum larvae low activity irrespective of pressence or absence of zooplankton and large conspecifics. In all three species cannibalism was highest in the absence of zooplankton. In the absence of zooplankton cannibalism was low in Coenagrion hastulatum compared to the other two species. On the contrary, in the presence of zooplankton, cannibalism did not differ between the three species.
同类相食可能是蜻蜓幼虫种群控制的一种形式。我进行了水族箱实验，以研究觅食活动和浮游动物的可利用性对三种蜻蜓幼虫同类相食行为的影响。大型铜蜓幼虫活动较少，大型暗脉粉蛉幼虫无论浮游动物的可利用性如何都表现出高活动水平。相比之下，大型叉尾春蜓幼虫在没有浮游动物时活动水平较高，而在有浮游动物时活动水平较低。小型铜蜓幼虫在没有大型同种个体时很活跃，与浮游动物的可利用性无关。在有大型同种个体存在时，当有浮游动物时它们的活动水平会降低。小型暗脉粉蛉幼虫表现出高活动水平，小型叉尾春蜓幼虫表现出低活动水平，与浮游动物和大型同种个体的有无无关。在所有这三个物种中，在没有浮游动物时同类相食最为严重。在没有浮游动物时，叉尾春蜓的同类相食行为比其他两个物种少。相反，在有浮游动物时，这三个物种的同类相食行为没有差异。
