Bengtsson J, Baur B
Department of Ecology and Environmental Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7072, S-75007, Uppsala, Sweden.
Zoological Institute, Basel University, Rheinsprung 9, CH-4051, Basel, Switzerland.
Oecologia. 1993 May;94(1):17-22. doi: 10.1007/BF00317295.
We examine whether pioneer species of terrestrial gastropods (snails and slugs) possess particular life history traits commonly associated with r-selection, using data on gastropod colonization in four areas in north-west Europe (the Kvarken and Tvärminne archipelagos in the Baltic, polder woods in IJsselmeer, and a rehabilitated quarry near Maastricht). Data on age at first reproduction, longevity, clutch size, egg size and lifetime fecundity were gathered from the literature. In order to control for potentially confounding effects of body size on life history traits, we compared the residuals from the allometric relations between life history traits and body size for pioneers and non-pioneers. In snails, all life history traits examined were related to body size. In slugs, all traits except age at first reproduction scaled with body size. Body sizes did not differ between pioneers and non-pioneers in any area. In all four areas, there were no significant differences between pioneers and non-pioneers in any of the life history traits examined, after body size had been taken into account. This indicates that pioneer terrestrial gastropods generally cannot be regarded as r-selected. Pioneer species may possess any of several life history strategies, and the combinations of traits shown by them may have little in common with the r-K selection concept.
我们利用西北欧四个地区（波罗的海的克瓦尔肯和特瓦尔明内群岛、艾瑟尔湖的圩田树林以及马斯特里赫特附近一个修复后的采石场）腹足纲动物（蜗牛和蛞蝓）的定殖数据，研究陆地腹足纲动物的先锋物种是否具有通常与r-选择相关的特定生活史特征。首次繁殖年龄、寿命、产卵量、卵大小和终生繁殖力的数据均从文献中收集。为了控制体型对生活史特征可能产生的混杂效应，我们比较了先锋物种和非先锋物种生活史特征与体型之间异速生长关系的残差。在蜗牛中，所研究的所有生活史特征均与体型有关。在蛞蝓中，除首次繁殖年龄外，所有特征均与体型呈比例关系。在任何地区，先锋物种和非先锋物种的体型均无差异。在所有四个地区，在考虑体型因素后，先锋物种和非先锋物种在所研究的任何生活史特征上均无显著差异。这表明陆地腹足纲动物的先锋物种通常不能被视为r-选择物种。先锋物种可能拥有多种生活史策略中的任何一种，并且它们所表现出的特征组合可能与r-K选择概念几乎没有共同之处。
