Samu F
Plant Protection Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 102, H-1525, Budapest, Hungary.
Oecologia. 1993 May;94(1):139-145. doi: 10.1007/BF00317315.
Feeding behaviour of the wolf spider Pardosa hortensis Thorell (Araneae, Lycosidae) was studied in the laboratory. Characteristics of feeding were measured while prey availability was increased and the results were compared with the predictions of three models: the marginal value theorem (MVT), gut limitation theory (GLT) and the digestion rate limitation model (DRL). As a result of more frequent encounters with prey, the wolf spiders were able to modify their feeding behaviour so that their net energy intake rate increased substantially. Handling time decreased by 30%, and consumption rate increased by 40%. Partial consumption of prey did not occur until the spiders became nearly satiated. This indicated that spiders did not reach the optimum predicted by MVT. The most plausible mechanism for the increased efficiency was prey-stimulated digestive enzyme production as suggested in DRL. The predictions of GLT were not applicable for most of the feeding session, though gut satiation had an influence on the final stages of feeding. P. hortensis seemed to apply a "responsive but cautious" strategy: (i) spiders improved feeding efficiency on entering the higher quality habitat, but (ii) feeding times appeared to be sub-optimal and (iii) spiders were also willing to continue feeding when, as they approached satiation, the previously high efficiency could not be maintained. Such feeding behaviour optimizes long-term energy intake when food is scarce and unpredictable, which corresponds well with the known degree of natural food limitation of these animals.
在实验室中研究了狼蛛豹蛛（Pardosa hortensis Thorell，蜘蛛目，狼蛛科）的摄食行为。在增加猎物可获得性的同时测量摄食特征，并将结果与三个模型的预测进行比较：边际价值定理（MVT）、肠道限制理论（GLT）和消化速率限制模型（DRL）。由于更频繁地遇到猎物，狼蛛能够改变它们的摄食行为，从而使它们的净能量摄入率大幅提高。处理时间减少了30%，消耗率提高了40%。直到蜘蛛几乎饱腹时才会出现对猎物的部分消耗。这表明蜘蛛没有达到MVT预测的最佳状态。效率提高的最合理机制是如DRL中所提出的猎物刺激消化酶的产生。GLT的预测在大多数摄食阶段并不适用，尽管肠道饱足对摄食的最后阶段有影响。豹蛛似乎采用了一种“反应灵敏但谨慎”的策略：（i）蜘蛛进入更高质量的栖息地时摄食效率提高，但（ii）摄食时间似乎未达到最佳状态，并且（iii）当蜘蛛接近饱腹时，尽管之前的高效率无法维持，它们仍愿意继续摄食。当食物稀缺且不可预测时，这种摄食行为能优化长期能量摄入，这与这些动物已知的自然食物限制程度非常吻合。
