Clerico C, Lari A, Mojallal A, Boucher F
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Croix-Rousse Hospital, University of 103 Grande Rue de la Croix-Rousse, 69004, Lyon, France.
Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2017 Jun;41(3):714-719. doi: 10.1007/s00266-017-0831-1. Epub 2017 Mar 10.
Female genital cosmetic surgery is becoming more and more widespread both in the field of plastic and gynaecological surgery. The increased demand for vulvar surgery is spurred by the belief that the vulva is abnormal in appearance. What is normal in terms of labial anatomy? Labia minora enlargement or hypertrophy remains a clinical diagnosis which is poorly defined as it could be considered a variation of the normal anatomy. Enlarged labia minora can cause functional, aesthetic and psychosocial problems. In reality, given the wide variety of vulvar morphology among people, it is a very subjective issue to define the "normal" vulva. The spread of nudity in the general media plays a major role in creating an artificial image and standards with regard to the ideal form. Physicians should be aware that the patient's self-perception of the normal or ideal vulva is highly influenced by the arguably distorted image related to our socio-psychological environment, as presented to us by the general media and internet. As physicians, we have to educate our patients on the variation of vulvar anatomy and the potential risks of these surgeries. Level of Evidence V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these evidence-based medicine ratings, please refer to Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
女性生殖器官整形手术在整形和妇科手术领域正变得越来越普遍。对外阴手术需求的增加是由外阴外观异常的观念所推动的。阴唇解剖结构方面的正常标准是什么？小阴唇增大或肥大仍然是一种临床诊断，但定义不明确，因为它可能被视为正常解剖结构的一种变异。增大的小阴唇会导致功能、美观和心理社会问题。实际上，鉴于人群中外阴形态的多样性，定义“正常”外阴是一个非常主观的问题。大众媒体中裸体形象的传播在塑造关于理想形态的人为形象和标准方面起着主要作用。医生应该意识到，患者对正常或理想外阴的自我认知受到大众媒体和互联网呈现给我们的、可能扭曲的社会心理环境相关形象的极大影响。作为医生，我们必须让患者了解外阴解剖结构的变异以及这些手术的潜在风险。证据等级V 本刊要求作者为每篇文章指定一个证据等级。有关这些循证医学评级的完整描述，请参阅目录或在线作者指南www.springer.com/00266 。
