Gulyaeva N V
Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117485, Russia.
Biochemistry (Mosc). 2017 Mar;82(3):301-307. doi: 10.1134/S0006297917030087.
The excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate system and the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) system are principally involved in phenomena of cellular and synaptic plasticity. These systems are interacting, and disclosing mechanisms of such interactions is critically important for understanding the machinery of neuroplasticity and its modulation in normal and pathological situations. The short state of evidence in this review addresses experimentally confirmed connections of these mechanisms and their potential relation to the pathogenesis of depression. The connections between the two systems are numerous and bidirectional, providing for mutual regulation of the glutamatergic and BDNF systems. The available data suggest that it is complex and well-coordinating nature of these connections that secures optimal synaptic and cellular plasticity in the normal brain. Both systems are associated with the pathogenesis of depression, and the disturbance of tight and well-balanced associations between them results in unfavorable changes in neuronal plasticity underlying depressive disorders and other mood diseases.
兴奋性神经递质谷氨酸系统和脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）系统主要参与细胞和突触可塑性现象。这些系统相互作用，揭示这种相互作用的机制对于理解神经可塑性机制及其在正常和病理情况下的调节至关重要。本综述中简短的证据状态涉及这些机制的实验证实的联系及其与抑郁症发病机制的潜在关系。这两个系统之间的联系众多且双向，实现了谷氨酸能系统和BDNF系统的相互调节。现有数据表明，正是这些联系的复杂且协调良好的性质确保了正常大脑中最佳的突触和细胞可塑性。这两个系统都与抑郁症的发病机制相关，它们之间紧密且平衡良好的关联受到干扰会导致抑郁症和其他情绪疾病背后的神经元可塑性发生不利变化。
