Silveira Tony, Remião Mariana H, Robaldo Ricardo B, Freitas Kaio, Valente Ana Luísa S
Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Technology Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96001-970, RS, Brazil.
Dis Aquat Organ. 2017 Mar 21;123(3):251-256. doi: 10.3354/dao03101.
The distribution of franciscana Pontoporia blainvillei Gervais & d'Orbigny, 1884, is restricted to the estuarine and coastal waters of the southwestern Atlantic. The diet of this dolphin is composed of fishes, squids, and shrimps, many of which harbor helminths that may infect franciscana. Larval forms of the trematode Synthesium pontoporiae and the acanthocephalan Bolbosoma turbinella have been recorded in franciscana; however, they have not yet been identified in any of the prey species of this cetacean. We evaluated 3 components of the diet of franciscana as possible transmission sources of parasitiasis. Specimens of São Paulo squid Doryteuthis sanpaulensis (n = 50), banded croaker Paralonchurus brasiliensis (n = 43), and rough scad Trachurus lathami (n = 50) were necropsied. Organs were washed and examined under a stereomicroscope. Helminths were collected and mounted on slides. None of the species analyzed showed infection by metacercariae of S. pontoporiae. Helminths found in São Paulo squid have not been recorded in franciscana. Cistacanths of Corynosoma australe were found in the coelomic cavity and mesentery of croaker (prevalence [P] = 53.49%; mean infection intensity [MII] = 6.74) and scad (P = 4%; MII = 1.50). Cistacanths of B. turbinella were also found in the same sites in scad (P = 14%; MII = 2.14). Banded croaker and rough scad are recorded in this study as new paratenic hosts for C. australe, while scad is a new paratenic host for B. turbinella.
弗氏海豚（Pontoporia blainvillei Gervais & d'Orbigny，1884年）的分布范围局限于西南大西洋的河口和沿海水域。这种海豚的食物包括鱼类、鱿鱼和虾类，其中许多都携带着可能感染弗氏海豚的蠕虫。在弗氏海豚体内已记录到吸虫Synthesium pontoporiae和棘头虫Bolbosoma turbinella的幼虫形态；然而，在这种鲸类动物的任何猎物物种中都尚未发现它们。我们评估了弗氏海豚食物中的三个组成部分作为寄生虫病可能传播源的情况。对圣保罗鱿鱼（Doryteuthis sanpaulensis，n = 50）、带状鲳鲹（Paralonchurus brasiliensis，n = 43）和粗鳞鰤（Trachurus lathami，n = 50）的样本进行了尸检。对器官进行冲洗并在体视显微镜下检查。收集蠕虫并制成玻片标本。所分析的物种均未显示感染S. pontoporiae的囊蚴。在圣保罗鱿鱼中发现的蠕虫在弗氏海豚中尚未记录到。在鲳鲹的体腔和肠系膜中发现了南方冠吻棘头虫（Corynosoma australe）的棘头体（患病率[P] = 53.49%；平均感染强度[MII] = 6.74），在鰤鱼中也有发现（P = 4%；MII = 1.50）。在鰤鱼的相同部位也发现了B. turbinella的棘头体（P = 14%；MII = 2.14）。在本研究中，带状鲳鲹和粗鳞鰤被记录为南方冠吻棘头虫的新转续宿主，而鰤鱼是B. turbinella的新转续宿主。
