Villamizar-Martinez Lenin A, Villegas Cristian M, Gioso Marco A, Reiter Alexander M, Patricio Geni C, Pinto Ana C
1 Dentistry and Oral Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
2 Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
J Vet Dent. 2016 Jun;33(2):75-82. doi: 10.1177/0898756416660008. Epub 2016 Aug 3.
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in the domestic dog is a synovial joint with 2 articular surfaces, the mandibular fossa of the squamous portion of the temporal bone and the articular head of the condylar process of the mandible. Although different diagnostic imaging techniques have been used to study the TMJ in dogs, morphologic and morphometric studies based on computed tomography (CT) are scarce. The purpose of the present study was to describe the morphologic and morphometric features of the TMJ in domestic dogs using CT. Width and depth of the mandibular fossa and 2 different angles between the mandibular fossa and the condylar process were measured in 96 TMJs of 48 dogs of different breeds (Labrador retriever, German shepherd, cocker spaniel, boxer, English bulldog, pug, shih tzu, and Cavalier King Charles spaniel). Temporomandibular joint conformation differed between breeds. Mid- and small-sized dogs had mandibular fossae that were more shallow, less developed retroarticular processes, and irregularly shaped condylar processes. The TMJs were more congruent in large dogs, presenting with deeper mandibular fossae, prominent retroarticular processes, and more uniform condylar processes. The measurements proposed in this study demonstrated 3 different morphologic conformations for the TMJ in the dogs of this study.
家犬的颞下颌关节（TMJ）是一个滑膜关节，有两个关节面，即颞骨鳞部的下颌窝和下颌骨髁突的关节头。尽管已使用不同的诊断成像技术来研究犬的颞下颌关节，但基于计算机断层扫描（CT）的形态学和形态测量学研究却很少。本研究的目的是使用CT描述家犬颞下颌关节的形态学和形态测量学特征。在48只不同品种（拉布拉多寻回犬、德国牧羊犬、可卡犬、拳师犬、英国斗牛犬、哈巴狗、西施犬和骑士查理王小猎犬）犬的96个颞下颌关节中，测量了下颌窝的宽度和深度以及下颌窝与髁突之间的2个不同角度。不同品种之间颞下颌关节的形态不同。中小型犬的下颌窝较浅，关节后突发育较差，髁突形状不规则。大型犬的颞下颌关节更协调一致，下颌窝更深，关节后突突出，髁突更均匀。本研究中提出的测量结果表明，本研究中的犬的颞下颌关节有3种不同的形态结构。
