Moraes Camile de, Moraes José Cássio de, Silva Gabriela Drummond Marques da, Duarte Elisabeth Carmen
Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Brasília, DF, Brasil.
Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brasil.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2017 Apr;112(4):237-246. doi: 10.1590/0074-02760160173.
Meningococcal C conjugate (MenC) vaccine was introduced as part of the Brazilian National Immunisation Program in 2010 for children < 1 year of age.
The study objective was to evaluate the impact of this vaccination strategy.
An observational, mixed ecological and analytical study was conducted, based on time series panel data from surveillance records (2001-2013).
A total of 37,538 of meningococcal disease cases were recorded during the study period. Of these, 19,997 were attributed to serogroup C. A decrease in meningococcal disease serogroup C (MDC) incidence among children aged < 1 year [65.2%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 20.5-84.7%] and 1-4 years (46.9%; 95%CI: 14.6-79.1%) were found in the three years following vaccination introduction. Vaccination impact on the reduction of MDC incidence varied from 83.7% (95%CI: 51.1-100.0%) in the Midwest region to 56.7% (95%CI: 37.4-76.0%) in the Northeast region.
Vaccination against MDC in Brazil had a positive impact on the population of children aged < 1 year, across all regions, and on the 1-4 year-old cohort. Nevertheless, in our view there is scope for improving the vaccination strategy adopted in Brazil.
2010年，脑膜炎球菌C结合疫苗（MenC）作为巴西国家免疫规划的一部分被引入，用于1岁以下儿童。
本研究的目的是评估这一疫苗接种策略的影响。
基于监测记录（2001 - 2013年）的时间序列面板数据，开展了一项观察性、混合生态与分析性研究。
在研究期间共记录了37538例脑膜炎球菌病病例。其中，19997例归因于C血清群。在引入疫苗后的三年里，1岁以下儿童[65.2%；95%置信区间（CI）：20.5 - 84.7%]和1 - 4岁儿童（46.9%；95%CI：14.6 - 79.1%）的脑膜炎球菌病C血清群（MDC）发病率有所下降。疫苗接种对降低MDC发病率的影响在中西部地区为83.7%（95%CI：51.1 - 100.0%），在东北地区为56.7%（95%CI：37.4 - 76.0%）。
巴西针对MDC的疫苗接种对所有地区的1岁以下儿童群体以及1 - 4岁儿童队列产生了积极影响。然而，我们认为巴西所采用的疫苗接种策略仍有改进空间。
