Kopperstad Øyvind, Skogen Jens Christoffer, Sivertsen Børge, Tell Grethe S, Sæther Solbjørg Makalani Myrtveit
Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.
PLoS One. 2017 Mar 22;12(3):e0172932. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172932. eCollection 2017.
Physical activity (PA) is associated with lower risk for non-communicable diseases and mortality. We aimed to investigate the prospective association between PA and all-cause and cause-specific mortality, and the impact of other potentially contributing factors.
Data from the community-based Hordaland Health Study (HUSK, 1997-99) were linked to the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry. The study included 20,506 individuals born 1950-1957 and 2,225 born in 1925-1927 (baseline age 40-49 and 70-74). Based on self-report, individuals were grouped as habitually performing low intensity, short duration, low intensity, longer duration or high intensity PA. The hazard ratios (HR) for all-cause and cause-specific mortality during follow-up were calculated. Measures of socioeconomic status, physical health, mental health, smoking and alcohol consumption were added separately and cumulatively to the model.
PA was associated with lower all-cause mortality in both older (HR 0.75 (95% CI 0.67-0.84)) and younger individuals (HR 0.82 (95% CI 0.72-0.92)) (crude models, HR: risk associated with moving from low intensity, short duration to low intensity, longer duration PA, and from low intensity, longer duration to high intensity). Smoking, education, somatic diagnoses and mental health accounted for some of the association between physical activity and mortality, but a separate protective effect of PA remained in fully adjusted models for cardiovascular (HR 0.78 (95% CI 0.66-0.92)) and respiratory (HR 0.45 (95% CI 0.32-0.63) mortality (both age-groups together), as well as all-cause mortality in the older age group (HR 0.74, 95%CI 0.66-0.83).
Low intensity, longer duration and high intensity physical activity was associated with reduced all-cause, respiratory and cardiovascular mortality, indicating that physical activity is beneficial also among older individuals, and that a moderate increase in PA can be beneficial.
身体活动（PA）与较低的非传染性疾病风险和死亡率相关。我们旨在研究PA与全因死亡率和特定病因死亡率之间的前瞻性关联，以及其他潜在影响因素的作用。
基于社区的霍达兰健康研究（HUSK，1997 - 1999年）的数据与挪威死亡原因登记处相关联。该研究纳入了20,506名出生于1950 - 1957年的个体和2,225名出生于1925 - 1927年的个体（基线年龄分别为40 - 49岁和70 - 74岁）。根据自我报告，个体被分为习惯性进行低强度、短时长、低强度、较长时长或高强度PA的组别。计算随访期间全因死亡率和特定病因死亡率的风险比（HR）。社会经济地位、身体健康、心理健康、吸烟和饮酒量的测量指标分别并累计加入模型。
PA与老年人（HR 0.75（95%CI 0.67 - 0.84））和年轻人（HR 0.82（95%CI 0.72 - 0.92））的较低全因死亡率相关（粗模型，HR：从低强度、短时长PA转变为低强度、较长时长PA，以及从低强度、较长时长PA转变为高强度PA所关联的风险）。吸烟、教育程度、躯体诊断和心理健康解释了身体活动与死亡率之间的部分关联，但在心血管疾病（HR 0.78（95%CI 0.66 - 0.92））和呼吸系统疾病（HR 0.45（95%CI 0.32 - 0.63））死亡率的完全调整模型中（两个年龄组合并），以及老年组的全因死亡率（HR 0.74，95%CI 0.66 - 0.83）中，PA仍具有独立的保护作用。
低强度、较长时长和高强度的身体活动与降低全因、呼吸和心血管死亡率相关，表明身体活动对老年人也有益，且适度增加PA可能有益。
