Bryan G J, Hartl D L
Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.
Science. 1988 Apr 8;240(4849):215-7. doi: 10.1126/science.2832948.
A mutation in the white gene of Drosophila mauritiana resulting from insertion of the transposable element mariner exhibits genetic instability in germline and somatic cells. The instability is greatly enhanced in the presence of the trans-acting autosomal factor Mos, giving eye-color mosaics with pigmented sectors of tissue on an otherwise peach-colored background. The Mos factor, when introduced into the genome of the sibling species Drosophila simulans, exhibited a dramatic maternal effect on expression of the mosaic phenotype. When D. simulans mosaic females (heterozygous for Mos) were crossed with non-mosaic males, two distinct classes of mosaic offspring occurred, one resulting from a maternal effect in which the non-Mos offspring were nevertheless mosaic. The maternal effect was mediated by a product acting after fertilization, and was expressed to varying extents in different backcross strains.
由于转座因子水手号的插入,毛里求斯果蝇白色基因发生突变,在生殖细胞和体细胞中表现出遗传不稳定性。在反式作用常染色体因子莫斯存在的情况下,这种不稳定性大大增强,产生了眼色嵌合体,在原本桃色的背景上有色素沉着的组织区域。当将莫斯因子引入同胞物种拟果蝇的基因组时,它对嵌合体表型的表达产生了显著的母体效应。当拟果蝇嵌合雌蝇(对莫斯因子杂合)与非嵌合雄蝇杂交时,出现了两类不同的嵌合后代,一类是由母体效应导致的,即非莫斯后代仍然是嵌合体。母体效应由受精后起作用的产物介导,并且在不同的回交品系中表现出不同程度的表达。