Sankepally Samar Shekar R, Singh Bharat
Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, 303002, India.
3 Biotech. 2016 Jun;6(1):19. doi: 10.1007/s13205-015-0343-0. Epub 2016 Jan 9.
Paddy is a staple crop and being grown in major parts of India, but similarly it is facing some major challenges like abiotic stresses (drought, salinity, etc.) by which its productivity is greatly affected. De-husked seeds of 21 cultivars of indica rice were cultured onto MS medium for screening of their micropropagation capabilities. All the selected cultivars are being cultivated by farmers of Andhra Pradesh and Rajasthan states of India, these cultivars bear good quality of grain and high yield. Similarly, both states are facing the problem of drought so; we selected these cultivars for the micropropagation and transformation studies. The induction of callus and regeneration in these selected cultivars were achieved on MS culture medium with supplementation of various growth regulators. Maximum callus induction and regeneration frequency were observed in Sambha mahsuri at the concentration of 3.0 mg L of 2,4-D and BAP (5.0 mg L) while the moderate response achieved in other cultivars of rice. Sambha mahsuri showed promising results in terms of callus induction frequency, and regeneration potentialities of embryogenic callus so, there is need to develop a rice cultivars that could thrive under drought condition if the country is to sustain rice production. Finally, regenerated plantlets were successfully transferred to natural conditions (in pots) after acclimatization.
水稻是一种主要作物，在印度大部分地区都有种植，但同样面临一些重大挑战，如非生物胁迫（干旱、盐碱化等），这极大地影响了其产量。将21个籼稻品种的脱壳种子接种到MS培养基上，以筛选它们的微繁殖能力。所有选定的品种均由印度安得拉邦和拉贾斯坦邦的农民种植，这些品种具有良好的谷粒品质和高产特性。同样，这两个邦都面临干旱问题，因此我们选择这些品种进行微繁殖和转化研究。在添加了各种生长调节剂的MS培养基上实现了这些选定品种的愈伤组织诱导和再生。在2,4-D浓度为3.0 mg/L和BAP（5.0 mg/L）时，Sambha mahsuri品种的愈伤组织诱导和再生频率最高，而其他水稻品种的反应适中。Sambha mahsuri在愈伤组织诱导频率和胚性愈伤组织的再生潜力方面显示出良好的结果，因此，如果该国要维持水稻生产，就需要培育出能够在干旱条件下茁壮成长的水稻品种。最后，再生苗在驯化后成功转移到自然条件（花盆中）。
