人类氨基酸尿排泄的多样特征以及补充氨基酸在减轻成年人疲劳和亚健康方面的应用。
Diverse characteristics of the urinary excretion of amino acids in humans and the use of amino acid supplementation to reduce fatigue and sub-health in adults.
作者信息
Dunstan R H, Sparkes D L, Macdonald M M, De Jonge X Janse, Dascombe B J, Gottfries J, Gottfries C-G, Roberts T K
机构信息
School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.
School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, Australia.
出版信息
Nutr J. 2017 Mar 23;16(1):19. doi: 10.1186/s12937-017-0240-y.
BACKGROUND
The excretion of amino acids in urine represents an important avenue for the loss of key nutrients. Some amino acids such as glycine and histidine are lost in higher abundance than others. These two amino acids perform important physiological functions and are required for the synthesis of key proteins such as haemoglobin and collagen.
METHODS
Stage 1 of this study involved healthy subjects (n = 151) who provided first of the morning urine samples and completed symptom questionnaires. Urine was analysed for amino acid composition by gas chromatography. Stage 2 involved a subset of the initial cohort (n = 37) who completed a 30 day trial of an amino acid supplement and subsequent symptom profile evaluation.
RESULTS
Analyses of urinary amino acid profiles revealed that three groups could be objectively defined from the 151 participants using k-means clustering. The amino acid profiles were significantly different between each of the clusters (Wilks' Lambda = 0.13, p < 0.0001). Cluster 1 had the highest loss of amino acids with histidine being the most abundant component. Cluster 2 had glycine present as the most abundant urinary amino acid and cluster 3 had equivalent abundances of glycine and histidine. Strong associations were observed between urinary proline concentrations and fatigue/pain scores (r = .56 to .83) for females in cluster 1, with several other differential sets of associations observed for the other clusters.
CONCLUSIONS
Different phenotypic subsets exist in the population based on amino acid excretion characteristics found in urine. Provision of the supplement resulted in significant improvements in reported fatigue and sleep for 81% of the trial cohort with all females reporting improvements in fatigue.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
The study was registered on the 18th April 2011 with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ( ACTRN12611000403932 ).
背景
尿液中氨基酸的排泄是关键营养素流失的一个重要途径。一些氨基酸，如甘氨酸和组氨酸，比其他氨基酸流失得更为丰富。这两种氨基酸具有重要的生理功能，是合成血红蛋白和胶原蛋白等关键蛋白质所必需的。
方法
本研究的第一阶段涉及健康受试者（n = 151），他们提供晨尿样本并完成症状问卷。通过气相色谱法分析尿液中的氨基酸组成。第二阶段涉及初始队列中的一个子集（n = 37），他们完成了为期30天的氨基酸补充剂试验以及随后的症状特征评估。
结果
对尿氨基酸谱的分析表明，使用k均值聚类可从151名参与者中客观地定义出三组。各聚类之间的氨基酸谱有显著差异（威尔克斯'λ = 0.13，p < 0.0001）。聚类1中氨基酸流失最多，组氨酸是最丰富的成分。聚类2中以甘氨酸作为最丰富的尿氨基酸，聚类3中甘氨酸和组氨酸的含量相当。在聚类1的女性中，观察到尿脯氨酸浓度与疲劳/疼痛评分之间存在强关联（r = 0.56至0.83），在其他聚类中还观察到了其他几组不同的关联。
结论
根据尿液中发现的氨基酸排泄特征，人群中存在不同的表型亚组。补充剂使81%的试验队列报告的疲劳和睡眠有显著改善，所有女性报告疲劳情况有所改善。
试验注册
该研究于2011年4月18日在澳大利亚新西兰临床试验注册中心注册（ACTRN12611000403932）。
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