国家卫生项目中是否忽视了对预防的关注？旁遮普邦和哈里亚纳邦某地区信息、教育与宣传/行为改变沟通/健康促进活动的情况分析

Is Focus on Prevention Missing in National Health Programs? A Situation Analysis of IEC/BCC/Health Promotion Activities in a District Setting of Punjab and Haryana.

作者信息

Thakur Jarnail Singh, Jaswal Nidhi, Grover Ashoo

机构信息

School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), School of Public Health, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.

Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.

出版信息

Indian J Community Med. 2017 Jan-Mar;42(1):30-36. doi: 10.4103/0970-0218.199795.

DOI:10.4103/0970-0218.199795

PMID:28331251

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5349000/

Abstract

CONTEXT

Health promotion (HP) has been an integral part of all national programs although it has been a low priority in India, which has resulted in a failure to achieve the desired results.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN

Situation analysis of information education communication (IEC)/behavior change communication (BCC)/HP activities within the existing national health programs was undertaken in the district of Hoshiarpur in Punjab and the district of Ambala in Haryana during 2013-14.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Facility-based assessments were done by conducting in-depth interviews with stakeholders, program officers, medical officers, health workers, and counselors. Household survey (332 individuals) and exit interview (102 interviews) were conducted to assess the knowledge of the community regarding key risk factors.

RESULTS

There was a high vacancy in the mass media division with 40% (2 out of 5) and 89% (8 out of 9) of the sanctioned positions vacant in Hoshiarpur and Ambala, respectively, with low capacity of staff and budget. There was no annual calendar, logbook of activities with poor recording of IEC material received and disseminated. The knowledge of community members regarding key risk factors such as tobacco use, salt intake, blood pressure level, anemia, and tuberculosis was 77.3%, 26.4%, 16.4%, 32.7%, and 91.8%, respectively, in the district of Ambala as compared to 77.5%, 37.5%, 33.3%, 25.8%, and 88.3%, respectively, in the district of Hoshiarpur. The village health and sanitation committee (VHSC) in the district of Hoshiarpur and village level core committee (VLCC) in the district of Ambala were found to be nonfunctional with no Iec/Bcc activities in the covered villages in the last month. Monitoring and supervision of Iec/Bcc activities were poor in both the districts.

CONCLUSIONS

Iec/Bcc/HP is a neglected area in national health programs in the selected districts with inadequate budget, human resources with poor implementation, and requires strengthening for better implementation of the national health programs.

摘要

背景

健康促进一直是所有国家项目的一个组成部分，尽管在印度它一直未被列为优先事项，这导致未能取得预期成果。

设置与设计

2013 - 2014年期间，在旁遮普邦的霍希亚尔布尔区和哈里亚纳邦的安巴拉区，对现有国家卫生项目中的信息教育传播（IEC）/行为改变传播（BCC）/健康促进活动进行了情况分析。

材料与方法

通过对利益相关者、项目官员、医务人员、卫生工作者和咨询师进行深入访谈，开展基于机构的评估。进行了家庭调查（332人）和离场访谈（102次访谈），以评估社区对关键风险因素的了解情况。

结果

大众媒体部门空缺率很高，霍希亚尔布尔和安巴拉已批准职位的空缺率分别为40%（5个职位中有2个）和89%（9个职位中有8个），工作人员能力和预算较低。没有年度日程安排、活动日志，收到和传播的IEC材料记录不佳。安巴拉区社区成员对烟草使用、盐摄入量、血压水平、贫血和结核病等关键风险因素的知晓率分别为77.3%、26.4%、16.4%、32.7%和91.8%，相比之下，霍希亚尔布尔区分别为77.5%、37.5%、33.3%、25.8%和88.3%。发现霍希亚尔布尔区的村卫生和环境卫生委员会（VHSC）以及安巴拉区的村级核心委员会（VLCC）不起作用，在上个月覆盖的村庄中没有开展IEC/BCC活动。两个区的IEC/BCC活动监测和监督都很差。