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外在因素驱动个体间栖息地选择策略的复杂变化。

Complex variation in habitat selection strategies among individuals driven by extrinsic factors.

作者信息

Raynor Edward J, Beyer Hawthorne L, Briggs John M, Joern Anthony

机构信息

Division of Biology Kansas State University Manhattan KS USA; Present address: School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska Lincoln NE USA.

ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions The University of Queensland Brisbane Qld Australia.

出版信息

Ecol Evol. 2017 Feb 15;7(6):1802-1822. doi: 10.1002/ece3.2764. eCollection 2017 Mar.

Abstract

Understanding behavioral strategies employed by animals to maximize fitness in the face of environmental heterogeneity, variability, and uncertainty is a central aim of animal ecology. Flexibility in behavior may be key to how animals respond to climate and environmental change. Using a mechanistic modeling framework for simultaneously quantifying the effects of habitat preference and intrinsic movement on space use at the landscape scale, we investigate how movement and habitat selection vary among individuals and years in response to forage quality-quantity tradeoffs, environmental conditions, and variable annual climate. We evaluated the association of dynamic, biotic forage resources and static, abiotic landscape features with large grazer movement decisions in an experimental landscape, where forage resources vary in response to prescribed burning, grazing by a native herbivore, the plains bison (), and a continental climate. Our goal was to determine how biotic and abiotic factors mediate bison movement decisions in a nutritionally heterogeneous grassland. We integrated spatially explicit relocations of GPS-collared bison and extensive vegetation surveys to relate movement paths to grassland attributes over a time period spanning a regionwide drought and average weather conditions. Movement decisions were affected by foliar crude content and low stature forage biomass across years with substantial interannual variation in the magnitude of selection for forage quality and quantity. These differences were associated with interannual differences in climate and growing conditions from the previous year. Our results provide experimental evidence for understanding how the forage quality-quantity tradeoff and fine-scale topography drives fine-scale movement decisions under varying environmental conditions.

摘要

了解动物在面对环境异质性、变异性和不确定性时为实现适应性最大化所采用的行为策略,是动物生态学的核心目标。行为灵活性可能是动物应对气候和环境变化的关键。我们使用一个机械建模框架来同时量化栖息地偏好和内在运动对景观尺度空间利用的影响,研究在饲料质量 - 数量权衡、环境条件和年度气候多变的情况下,个体和年份之间的运动和栖息地选择如何变化。我们在一个实验景观中评估了动态生物饲料资源和静态非生物景观特征与大型食草动物运动决策的关联,在该景观中,饲料资源因规定火烧、本土食草动物平原野牛的放牧以及大陆性气候而变化。我们的目标是确定生物和非生物因素如何在营养异质的草原中介导野牛的运动决策。我们整合了佩戴 GPS 项圈的野牛的空间明确重新定位数据和广泛的植被调查,以在跨越区域干旱和平均天气条件的时间段内,将运动路径与草地属性联系起来。多年来,运动决策受到叶片粗含量和低矮饲料生物量的影响,在饲料质量和数量的选择程度上存在显著的年际变化。这些差异与上一年气候和生长条件的年际差异有关。我们的结果为理解在不同环境条件下饲料质量 - 数量权衡和精细尺度地形如何驱动精细尺度运动决策提供了实验证据。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1876/5355205/00f545fa41fc/ECE3-7-1802-g002.jpg

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