工作记忆训练项目对有注意力缺陷/多动障碍症状的学龄前儿童的影响。
Effects of a working memory training program in preschoolers with symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
作者信息
Capodieci Agnese, Gola Maria Laura, Cornoldi Cesare, Re Anna Maria
机构信息
a Department of General Psychology , University of Padova , Padova , Italy.
b Department of Development and Socialization Psychology , University of Padova , Padova , Italy.
出版信息
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2018 Feb;40(1):17-29. doi: 10.1080/13803395.2017.1307946. Epub 2017 Mar 23.
INTRODUCTION
Preschoolers with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been found to exhibit impairments on neuropsychological measures of working memory (WM). As WM is an important predictor of future learning abilities, early intervention could help to prevent severe problems. The purpose of this research was to ascertain the efficacy of an intervention for training WM in 5-year-old children with symptoms of ADHD.
METHOD
Thirty-four children with symptoms of ADHD were randomly divided into two groups: One was assigned to the WM training condition, and the other continued normal class activities. The training was provided at school in small groups that also included typically developing children.
RESULTS
The trained group showed a significant improvement in tasks measuring their WM and other controlled processes at conclusion of study, whereas no significant improvement was found in the control group.
CONCLUSIONS
We concluded that early intervention on WM may be effective in children with symptoms of ADHD.
引言
研究发现，患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的学龄前儿童在工作记忆（WM）的神经心理学测量中表现出损伤。由于工作记忆是未来学习能力的重要预测指标，早期干预有助于预防严重问题。本研究的目的是确定对有ADHD症状的5岁儿童进行工作记忆训练干预的效果。
方法
34名有ADHD症状的儿童被随机分为两组：一组被分配到工作记忆训练组，另一组继续进行正常课堂活动。训练在学校以小组形式进行，小组中也包括发育正常的儿童。
结果
在研究结束时，训练组在测量其工作记忆和其他控制过程的任务中表现出显著改善，而对照组未发现显著改善。
结论
我们得出结论，对工作记忆的早期干预可能对有ADHD症状的儿童有效。
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