Płusa Tadeusz
EMC Medical Institute SA - Department of Internal Medicine and Lung Disease, Hospital st. Anna in Piaseczno, Poland.
Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2017 Mar 21;42(249):97-100.
Stem cells (SCs - stem cells) are characterized by plasticity and the ability to differentiate into other cell types. They are obtained from bone marrow, peripheral blood and cord blood. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) shows a broad immunomodulating, increases the number of regulatory T cells (Treg), modifies the activity of T cells, dendritic cells and NK (natural killer). Direct impact on reducing the release of proinflammatory cytokines and increased release of proinflammatory cytokines. Within the respiratory tract has a number of resident stem and progenitor cells referred to as L-MSCs (lung mesenchymal stem cells) whose presence was confirmed by markers as defined in the trachea, epithelial cells and alveolar. Demonstrated the efficacy of MSCs administration in the first stage of septic shock and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS - acute respiratory distress syndrome). There was a significant stimulation of repair processes, along with an improvement in lung function. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs - embryonic stem cells) are the latest addition in the treatment of congenital and acquired diseases of the airways and lung parenchyma. In patients with sarcoidosis MSCs are obtained from umbilical cord blood (PDA - placenta-derived mesenchymal-like cells) with phenotype CD34 +, CD10 +, CD105 + and CD200 +. The results of this therapy are very encouraging, and for this reason it is taken in subsequent research centers.
干细胞具有可塑性以及分化为其他细胞类型的能力。它们可从骨髓、外周血和脐带血中获取。间充质干细胞具有广泛的免疫调节作用，能增加调节性T细胞的数量，改变T细胞、树突状细胞和自然杀伤细胞的活性，直接影响促炎细胞因子的释放，既能减少其释放，也能增加其释放。呼吸道内存在多种驻留干细胞和祖细胞，称为肺间充质干细胞，其存在已通过气管、上皮细胞和肺泡中定义的标志物得到证实。已证明间充质干细胞给药在脓毒性休克和急性呼吸窘迫综合征的第一阶段具有疗效，能显著刺激修复过程，同时改善肺功能。胚胎干细胞是治疗气道和肺实质先天性及后天性疾病的最新手段。在结节病患者中，间充质干细胞取自脐带血（胎盘来源的间充质样细胞），其表型为CD34 +、CD10 +、CD105 +和CD200 +。该疗法的结果非常令人鼓舞，因此被后续研究中心采用。
