Asken Breton M, Snyder Aliyah R, Clugston James R, Gaynor Leslie S, Sullan Molly J, Bauer Russell M
Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, PO Box 100165 Health Science Center, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Department of Community Health and Family Medicine, University of Florida, University Athletic Association, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2017 Dec 1;32(8):963-971. doi: 10.1093/arclin/acx018.
Non-concussed individuals may report a variety of concussion-like symptoms even in the absence of a diagnosed brain injury. Previous studies described concussion-like symptom reporting in adolescent athletes. This study provides complementary data on concussion-like symptoms in collegiate athletes.
We analyzed baseline symptom scales from 738 collegiate athletes (452 men and 286 women) who completed either the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool, 3 Symptom Evaluation (S3SE; n = 377) or the Post-Concussion Scale (PCS; n = 361) and determined if subjects met criteria for diagnosis of International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision (ICD-10) postconcussional syndrome. Symptoms were grouped as somatic, cognitive, emotional, or sleep-related. We analyzed associations with medical history factors using chi-square analyses, and examined recovery time of a subset of concussed athletes based on baseline symptomatology (n = 117) with independent samples t-test.
Across all athletes, 120 (16.3%) reported baseline symptoms meeting criteria for ICD-10 postconcussional syndrome. Women were 1.7 times more likely to meet these criteria (21.7% vs. 12.8%, p = .002). Athletes completing the S3SE were 1.5 times more likely to meet criteria than those completing the PCS (p = .011). Previously diagnosed psychiatric disorder was significantly associated with emotional domain symptom reporting, and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder diagnosis was associated with cognitive domain symptom reporting. On average, athletes meeting ICD-10 postconcussional syndrome criteria at baseline experienced longer recovery from concussion (t[115] = 2.35, p = .020).
Non-concussed collegiate athletes report concussion-like symptoms at a clinically significant rate. Pre-injury medical history and reporting rates of concussion-like symptoms may explain variance in post-concussion symptom expression. Measured incidence of baseline postconcussional syndrome may, in part, depend on the symptom report measure that is used.
即使在未被诊断出脑损伤的情况下，未受过脑震荡的个体也可能报告各种类似脑震荡的症状。先前的研究描述了青少年运动员中类似脑震荡症状的报告情况。本研究提供了关于大学生运动员类似脑震荡症状的补充数据。
我们分析了738名大学生运动员（452名男性和286名女性）的基线症状量表，这些运动员完成了运动脑震荡评估工具3症状评估（S3SE；n = 377）或脑震荡后量表（PCS；n = 361），并确定受试者是否符合国际疾病分类第10版（ICD - 10）脑震荡后综合征的诊断标准。症状分为躯体、认知、情绪或睡眠相关。我们使用卡方分析分析了与病史因素的关联，并基于基线症状学对一部分脑震荡运动员（n = 117）的恢复时间进行了独立样本t检验。
在所有运动员中，120人（16.3%）报告基线症状符合ICD - 10脑震荡后综合征的标准。女性符合这些标准的可能性是男性的1.7倍（21.7%对12.8%，p = 0.002）。完成S3SE的运动员符合标准的可能性是完成PCS的运动员的1.5倍（p = 0.011）。先前诊断的精神疾病与情绪领域症状报告显著相关，注意力缺陷多动障碍诊断与认知领域症状报告相关。平均而言，在基线时符合ICD - 10脑震荡后综合征标准的运动员从脑震荡中恢复的时间更长（t[115] = 2.35，p = 0.020）。
未受过脑震荡的大学生运动员报告类似脑震荡症状的比例具有临床意义。伤前病史和类似脑震荡症状的报告率可能解释脑震荡后症状表现的差异。基线脑震荡后综合征的测量发病率可能部分取决于所使用的症状报告测量方法。
