Sweeney Jon, Silk Peter J, Rhainds Marc, MacKay Wayne, Hughes Cory, Van Rooyen Kate, MacKinnon Wayne, Leclair Gaetan, Holmes Steve, Kettela Edward G
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, P.O. Box 4000, Fredericton, NB E3B 5P7, Canada (
Corresponding author, e-mail:
J Econ Entomol. 2017 Jun 1;110(3):1078-1086. doi: 10.1093/jee/tow308.
Tetropium fuscum (F.), native to Europe and established in Nova Scotia, Canada, since at least 1990, is considered a low-to-moderate threat to spruce (Picea spp.) forests in North America and regulated as a quarantine pest by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. We tested broadcast applications of the aggregation pheromone racemic (5E)-6,10-dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-ol (fuscumol), formulated at 10% concentration in Hercon Bio-Flakes (Hercon International, Emigsville, PA), for efficacy in disrupting T. fuscum mating and suppressing populations. Two applications of 2.5-2.75 kg Bio-Flakes (250-275 g a.i.) per ha per season significantly reduced trap catches and mating success (2009, 2010, 2012): about 30% of females trapped in treated plots had mated compared with 60% of females trapped in untreated plots. Similar reductions in mating success were observed in 2011 with one or two 4.5 kg/ha applications of Bio-Flakes. Mean densities of T. fuscum colonizing sentinel bait logs or girdled trees were 36% lower in pheromone-treated plots than in untreated plots, but the difference was not statistically significant. Lack of population suppression may have been because mated females immigrated into treated plots or because populations were so high that despite a 50% reduction in mating success, absolute numbers of mated females were sufficient to infest our bait logs or trees. This is the first demonstration of insect mating disruption via broadcast application of an aggregation pheromone. Pheromone-mediated mating disruption has potential to slow the spread of invasive cerambycids by targeting low-density outlier populations near or beyond the leading edge of an infestation.
暗褐断眼天牛（Tetropium fuscum (F.)）原产于欧洲，至少自1990年起在加拿大新斯科舍省定殖，被认为对北美云杉（Picea spp.）林有低度至中度威胁，并被加拿大食品检验局列为检疫性有害生物。我们测试了以10%浓度配制在Hercon生物薄片（Hercon International，宾夕法尼亚州埃米格兹维尔）中的外消旋（5E）-6,10-二甲基-5,9-十一碳二烯-2-醇（暗褐断眼天牛醇）聚集信息素的喷雾应用，以评估其在干扰暗褐断眼天牛交配和抑制种群数量方面的效果。每个生长季每公顷两次施用2.5 - 2.75千克生物薄片（250 - 275克有效成分）显著减少了诱捕量和交配成功率（2009年、2010年、2012年）：诱捕于处理区的雌性中约30%已交配，而诱捕于未处理区的雌性中有60%已交配。2011年，施用一或两次每公顷4.5千克生物薄片也观察到了类似的交配成功率降低情况。在信息素处理区，定殖于哨兵诱饵原木或环剥树上的暗褐断眼天牛平均密度比未处理区低36%，但差异无统计学意义。种群数量未得到抑制可能是因为已交配的雌性迁入了处理区，或者是因为种群数量过高，以至于尽管交配成功率降低了50%，已交配雌性的绝对数量仍足以侵染我们的诱饵原木或树木。这是通过喷雾应用聚集信息素干扰昆虫交配的首次证明。信息素介导的交配干扰有可能通过针对侵扰前沿附近或以外的低密度异常种群来减缓入侵天牛的扩散。
