Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Am J Prev Med. 2017 Sep;53(3):355-362. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.02.009. Epub 2017 Mar 21.
Knowing the HIV testing frequency and its temporal changes are central to evaluate public adherence to HIV testing recommendations and performance of HIV prevention programs. This study intended to estimate the mean HIV inter-test interval (ITI) and monitor its trends among men who have sex with men (MSM); people who inject drugs (PWID); and high-risk heterosexuals (HRH).
Using National HIV Behavioral Surveillance data collected during 2008-2015, this analysis estimated the mean HIV ITI for each year by race/ethnicity and age among MSM, PWID, and HRH who reported the most recent HIV test date. Separate statistical models based on renewal process theory were fit using PROC NLIN with Newton-Raphson method. Estimated mean HIV ITI lengths were compared using the z-test.
Estimated HIV ITI generally decreased in the past decade among MSM, PWID, and HRH who reported the most recent HIV test date. In most recent study years, estimated HIV ITI (in months) ranged from 5.8 to 12.5 among MSM, from 9.0 to 13.1 among PWID, and from 15.3 to 26.7 among HRH. Within each risk group, estimated HIV ITI was shortest among blacks and individuals aged 18-24 years.
People at high risk for HIV infection who ever tested for HIV tested more frequently in the past decade. Most recently, MSM and PWID largely adhered to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's HIV testing recommendations, but HRH tested less frequently. Identifying factors associated with infrequent testing among HRH may provide information for future HIV testing initiatives.
了解 HIV 检测频率及其时间变化对于评估公众对 HIV 检测建议的依从性和 HIV 预防计划的实施情况至关重要。本研究旨在估计男男性行为者（MSM）、注射吸毒者（PWID）和高风险异性恋者（HRH）的平均 HIV 检测间隔（ITI），并监测其趋势。
利用 2008-2015 年期间收集的全国 HIV 行为监测数据，本分析通过报告最近一次 HIV 检测日期的 MSM、PWID 和 HRH 的种族/民族和年龄，估算了每年的平均 HIV ITI。使用 PROC NLIN 和牛顿-拉普森法拟合了基于更新过程理论的单独统计模型。使用 z 检验比较了估计的平均 HIV ITI 长度。
在报告最近一次 HIV 检测日期的 MSM、PWID 和 HRH 中，过去十年中估计的 HIV ITI 普遍呈下降趋势。在最近的研究年份中，MSM 中估计的 HIV ITI（以月为单位）范围为 5.8 至 12.5，PWID 中为 9.0 至 13.1，HRH 中为 15.3 至 26.7。在每个风险组内，估计的 HIV ITI 在黑人以及 18-24 岁人群中最短。
过去十年中，感染 HIV 的高危人群中曾经接受过 HIV 检测的人检测频率更高。最近，MSM 和 PWID 基本遵循了疾病控制与预防中心的 HIV 检测建议，但 HRH 的检测频率较低。确定 HRH 中与不频繁检测相关的因素可能为未来的 HIV 检测计划提供信息。
