Filippini Tommaso, Ferrari Angela, Michalke Bernhard, Grill Peter, Vescovi Luciano, Salvia Chiara, Malagoli Carlotta, Malavolti Marcella, Sieri Sabina, Krogh Vittorio, Bargellini Annalisa, Martino Antonio, Ferrante Margherita, Vinceti Marco
CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, I-41125 Modena, Italy.
Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Mol Med Rep. 2017 May;15(5):3405-3412. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6388. Epub 2017 Mar 24.
The relation between toxicity and essentiality of selenium (Se) is of growing interest in human health, as the effects may widely differ depending of its different chemical species and the exposure levels. Toenail Se has been proposed as a reliable biomarker of long-term Se exposure, but few studies investigated the correlation between its toenail content and environmental determinants (i.e., dietary food intake). We aimed to determine the relation of toenail Se levels with serum Se species as well as food items. We recruited a random sample of Modena (Northern Italy) municipal residents, from whom we collected detailed personal information, dietary habits, toenail specimen for Se determination and a blood sample for serum Se speciation analysis. Toenail Se mean value was 0.96 µg/g (range, 0.47‑1.60), with slightly higher levels in females, in non-obese subjects and in Se supplements users, while it was lower in current smokers. Toenail Se positively correlated with organic Se forms, mainly selenoprotein P and selenocysteine, and inversely with the inorganic forms (selenite and selenate). Toenail Se was not associated with meat, cereals and dairy products consumption, positively correlated with fruit and slightly with vegetable intake, and negatively with fish and seafood consumption. Finally, no clear association emerged with estimated air Se exposure.
硒（Se）的毒性与必需性之间的关系在人类健康领域越来越受到关注，因为其影响可能因化学形态和暴露水平的不同而有很大差异。趾甲硒已被提议作为长期硒暴露的可靠生物标志物，但很少有研究调查其趾甲含量与环境决定因素（即饮食摄入量）之间的相关性。我们旨在确定趾甲硒水平与血清硒形态以及食物之间的关系。我们从意大利北部摩德纳市的居民中随机抽取样本，收集了详细的个人信息、饮食习惯、用于测定硒的趾甲样本以及用于血清硒形态分析的血样。趾甲硒的平均值为0.96微克/克（范围为0.47 - 1.60），女性、非肥胖受试者和硒补充剂使用者的水平略高，而当前吸烟者的水平较低。趾甲硒与有机硒形态（主要是硒蛋白P和硒代半胱氨酸）呈正相关，与无机形态（亚硒酸盐和硒酸盐）呈负相关。趾甲硒与肉类、谷物和乳制品的消费无关，与水果呈正相关，与蔬菜摄入量呈微弱正相关，与鱼类和海鲜消费呈负相关。最后，与估计的空气中硒暴露没有明显关联。
