Mogre Victor, Abanga Zakaria Osman, Tzelepis Flora, Johnson Natalie A, Paul Christine
Department of Health Professions Education, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P. O. Box TL 1883, Tamale, Ghana.
School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
BMC Endocr Disord. 2017 Mar 24;17(1):20. doi: 10.1186/s12902-017-0169-3.
Previous research has failed to examine more than one self-care behaviour in type 2 diabetes patients in Ghana. The purpose of this study is to investigate adult Ghanaian type 2 diabetes patients' adherence to four self-care activities: diet (general and specific), exercise, self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) and foot care.
Consenting type 2 diabetes patients attending diabetes outpatient clinic appointments at three hospitals in the Tamale Metropolis of Ghana completed a cross-sectional survey comprising the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Measure, and questions about demographic characteristics and diabetes history. Height and weight were also measured. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to identify the factors associated with adherence to each of the four self-care behaviours.
In the last 7 days, participants exercised for a mean (SD) of 4.78 (2.09) days and followed diet, foot care and SMBG for a mean (SD) of 4.40 (1.52), 2.86 (2.16) and 2.15 (0.65) days, respectively. More education was associated with a higher frequency of reported participation in exercise (r = 0.168, p = 0.022), following a healthy diet (r = 0.223, p = 0.002) and foot care (r = 0.153, p = 0.037) in the last 7 days. Males reported performing SMBG (r = 0.198, p = 0.007) more frequently than their female counterparts.
Adherence to diet, SMBG and checking of feet were relatively low. People with low education and women may need additional support to improve adherence to self-care behaviours in this type 2 diabetes population.
此前的研究未能对加纳2型糖尿病患者的多种自我护理行为进行考察。本研究的目的是调查成年加纳2型糖尿病患者对四项自我护理活动的依从性：饮食（一般饮食和特定饮食）、运动、血糖自我监测（SMBG）和足部护理。
在加纳塔马利市三座医院糖尿病门诊就诊的2型糖尿病患者，在同意参与研究后完成了一项横断面调查，调查内容包括糖尿病自我护理活动总结量表，以及有关人口统计学特征和糖尿病病史的问题。同时测量了身高和体重。进行了多元线性回归分析，以确定与四项自我护理行为各自依从性相关的因素。
在过去7天里，参与者平均（标准差）锻炼了4.78（2.09）天，遵循饮食、足部护理和血糖自我监测的天数分别为平均（标准差）4.40（1.52）天、2.86（2.16）天和2.15（0.65）天。受教育程度越高，在过去7天里报告参与运动（r = 0.168，p = 0.022）、遵循健康饮食（r = 0.223，p = 0.002）和足部护理（r = 0.153，p = 0.037）的频率越高。男性报告进行血糖自我监测（r = 0.198，p = 0.007）的频率高于女性。
饮食、血糖自我监测和足部检查的依从性相对较低。低学历人群和女性可能需要额外的支持，以提高这一2型糖尿病人群对自我护理行为的依从性。
