Sehm Marie, Warschburger Petra
Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Germany.
Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Germany.
Appetite. 2017 Jul 1;114:137-145. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.03.028. Epub 2017 Mar 22.
The dual-pathway model proposes that body dissatisfaction might lead to binge eating (BE) through restraint eating and negative affect. Both pathways have been confirmed longitudinally, but there is evidence that the affect-pathway might rather be found in the short-term, whereas other variables might be involved over longer periods. Research suggests that self-esteem represents a key-factor in the etiology of BE in adolescent girls and might serve as a mediator between body dissatisfaction and eating pathology. Based on these findings, the aim of this study was to investigate the original dual-pathway model across 20 months and to evaluate a modified version of the model with self-esteem instead of negative affect as a mediator in the affect-pathway. We assessed eating pathology, negative affect and self-esteem by self-report in a sample of 523 adolescent girls at two time points separated by 20 months. Data were analyzed using a cross-lagged panel design. Both, the original and the modified model provided good fit to the data, but results yielded limited support for the assumptions of the original model. Neither restraint eating nor negative affect mediated the link between body dissatisfaction and BE. The modified model fit the data slightly better and results indicated that low self-esteem mediated the relationship between body dissatisfaction and BE. Notably, our results indicated that restraint eating might even reduce the risk for BE through the enhancement of self-esteem. Results suggest that the dual-pathway model could benefit from the inclusion of a more trait-like variable such as self-esteem when evaluated across the long-term. Furthermore, our findings indicate that healthy restraint eating might have positive effects on self-esteem, thereby reducing risk for BE in adolescent girls, who are dissatisfied with their bodies.
双路径模型提出，身体不满可能通过节食和负面影响导致暴饮暴食（BE）。这两条路径都已得到纵向证实，但有证据表明，影响路径可能更多地出现在短期内，而在较长时期内可能涉及其他变量。研究表明，自尊是青春期女孩暴饮暴食病因中的一个关键因素，可能在身体不满和饮食病理学之间起中介作用。基于这些发现，本研究的目的是在20个月的时间里研究原始的双路径模型，并评估一个修改后的模型，该模型以自尊而非负面影响作为影响路径中的中介。我们通过自我报告对523名青春期女孩进行了两次评估，时间间隔为20个月，评估了她们的饮食病理学、负面影响和自尊。数据采用交叉滞后面板设计进行分析。原始模型和修改后的模型都与数据拟合良好，但结果对原始模型的假设支持有限。节食和负面影响都没有介导身体不满与暴饮暴食之间的联系。修改后的模型与数据的拟合度略好，结果表明低自尊介导了身体不满与暴饮暴食之间的关系。值得注意的是，我们的结果表明，节食甚至可能通过增强自尊来降低暴饮暴食的风险。结果表明，在长期评估时，双路径模型可能会受益于纳入一个更具特质性的变量，如自尊。此外，我们的研究结果表明，健康的节食可能对自尊有积极影响，从而降低对自己身体不满意的青春期女孩暴饮暴食的风险。
