Yuan Shi-Min
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Putian, Teaching Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 389 Longdejing Street, Chengxiang District, Putian 351100, Fujian Province, P.R. China, Tel.: 86 594 6923117.
J Perinat Med. 2018 Feb 23;46(2):115-121. doi: 10.1515/jpm-2016-0311.
Fetal cardiac tumors are rare and usually benign. While echocardiography is a reliable technique for diagnosing fetal cardiac tumors, their definitive diagnosis relies on pathological examination. The strategies used to manage fetal cardiac tumors are challenging. A good clinical result is their complete regression during pregnancy or shortly after birth, as often occurs with cardiac rhabdomyomas. Moreover, the fetal prognosis depends on the nature of the tumors, namely, their location, size, number and associated complications. The active treatment options for symptomatic fetuses depend on the fetal status and may include fetal open surgery, postnatal tumor resection with or without the bridge of intrauterine pericardiocentesis, and thoracoamniotic shunting. The ex utero intrapartum treatment procedure provides an alternative technique for performing fetal open surgery and has shown promising preliminary results in selected cases, but is invasive for both the mother and fetus.
胎儿心脏肿瘤罕见且通常为良性。虽然超声心动图是诊断胎儿心脏肿瘤的可靠技术，但其明确诊断依赖于病理检查。处理胎儿心脏肿瘤所采用的策略具有挑战性。良好的临床结果是肿瘤在孕期或出生后不久完全消退，心脏横纹肌瘤常出现这种情况。此外，胎儿预后取决于肿瘤的性质，即其位置、大小、数量及相关并发症。有症状胎儿的积极治疗方案取决于胎儿状况，可能包括胎儿开放性手术、产后肿瘤切除（可伴有或不伴有宫内心包穿刺引流过渡）以及胸腔羊膜分流术。宫外产时治疗程序为进行胎儿开放性手术提供了一种替代技术，并且在部分选定病例中已显示出有前景的初步结果，但对母亲和胎儿均具有侵入性。
