Formenti N, Chiari M, Trogu T, Gaffuri A, Garbarino C, Boniotti M B, Corradini C, Lanfranchi P, Ferrari N
Department of Veterinary Medicine,Università degli Studi di Milano,via Celoria 10,20133 Milan,Italy.
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna 'Bruno Ubertini',Department of Brescia,via Bianchi 7/9,25124 Brescia,Italy.
J Helminthol. 2018 Mar;92(2):203-209. doi: 10.1017/S0022149X17000177. Epub 2017 Mar 28.
The complex life cycle of taeniids represents an ideal model of a multi-host system. The complexity of these parasites can therefore cover the epidemiological issues of the interface between wild and domestic animals, especially once spatial overlap between wild and domestic definitive and intermediate hosts occurs. Here we use the occurrence of Taenia ovis krabbei in two model areas as an example of this epidemiological complexity. In two contiguous areas in the Italian northern Apennines, two hunted roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) showed numerous cysticerci in the muscles of their whole body and an adult tapeworm was recorded in a semi-stray dog (Canis lupus familiaris). Through molecular typing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (cox1) gene, cysticerci and the adult tapeworm of T. krabbei were identified. Taenia krabbei cysticercosis was recorded for the first time in Italy. Although the role of dogs in the parasite's life cycle emerges, the overlap between wild and domestic definitive hosts and the increase of wild population densities raise concerns about the temporal (old or new) introduction and the spread of this parasite by one of these canid species (wolf (Canis lupus) or dog). Although T. krabbei is not a public health issue, economic concerns emerged for hunters and meat producers, related to the damage of carcasses by cysticerci. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate the spread of T. krabbei in the intermediate and definitive host populations, and to ensure the relevant sanitary education for hunters in order to avoid practices that could favour the spread and maintenance of its life cycle.
带绦虫复杂的生命周期代表了多宿主系统的理想模型。因此，这些寄生虫的复杂性可能涵盖野生动物与家畜之间界面的流行病学问题，尤其是当野生和家养的终末宿主及中间宿主出现空间重叠时。在此，我们以意大利北部亚平宁山脉两个典型区域中出现的克氏羊带绦虫为例，说明这种流行病学的复杂性。在意大利北部亚平宁山脉两个相邻区域，两只被猎杀的狍（Capreolus capreolus）全身肌肉中出现了大量囊尾蚴，并且在一只半流浪犬（Canis lupus familiaris）体内发现了一条成虫绦虫。通过对线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶I（cox1）基因进行分子分型，鉴定出了克氏羊带绦虫的囊尾蚴和成虫。克氏羊带绦虫囊尾蚴病在意大利首次被记录。尽管犬在该寄生虫生命周期中的作用已显现，但野生和家养终末宿主之间的重叠以及野生种群密度的增加，引发了人们对该寄生虫通过犬科动物（狼（Canis lupus）或犬）之一进行（新的或旧的）引入及传播的担忧。虽然克氏羊带绦虫不是公共卫生问题，但猎人及肉类生产者出现了经济方面的担忧，这与囊尾蚴对胴体的损害有关。因此，有必要评估克氏羊带绦虫在中间宿主和终末宿主种群中的传播情况，并确保对猎人进行相关的卫生教育，以避免可能助长其生命周期传播和维持的行为。
