Hikita Atsuhiko, Chung Ung-Il, Hoshi Kazuto, Takato Tsuyoshi
1 Department of Cartilage and Bone Regeneration (Fujisoft), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Bunkyo-ku, Japan .
2 Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo , Bunkyo-ku, Japan .
Tissue Eng Part A. 2017 Jun;23(11-12):515-521. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEA.2016.0543. Epub 2017 Apr 25.
Bone grafts currently used for the treatment of large bone defect or asymmetry in oral and maxillofacial region include autologous, allogeneic, and artificial bones. Although artificial bone is free from the concerns of donor site morbidity, limitation of volume, disease transmission, and ethical issues, it lacks osteogenic and osteoinductive activities. In addition, molding of the artificial bone is an issue especially when it is used for the augmentation of bone as onlay grafts. To solve this problem, additive manufacturing techniques have been applied to fabricate bones which have outer shapes conformed to patients' bones. We developed a custom-made artificial bone called a computed tomography (CT)-bone. Efficacy of CT-bone was proven in a clinical research and clinical trial, showing good manipulability, stability, and patient satisfaction. However, low replacement rate of artificial bones by endogenous bones remain an unsolved issue. Loading of cells and growth factors will improve the bone replacement by inducing osteogenic and osteoinductive activities. In addition, the three-dimensional bioprinting technique will facilitate bone regeneration by placing cells and biological substances into appropriate sites.
目前用于治疗口腔颌面部大骨缺损或不对称的骨移植材料包括自体骨、异体骨和人工骨。尽管人工骨不存在供区并发症、体积限制、疾病传播和伦理问题等担忧，但它缺乏成骨和骨诱导活性。此外，人工骨的塑形是一个问题，尤其是当它用于如贴附植骨的骨增量时。为了解决这个问题，增材制造技术已被应用于制造外形符合患者骨骼的骨。我们开发了一种定制的人工骨，称为计算机断层扫描（CT）骨。CT骨的有效性在一项临床研究和临床试验中得到了证实，显示出良好的可操作性、稳定性和患者满意度。然而，人工骨被内生骨替代的比例较低仍然是一个未解决的问题。加载细胞和生长因子将通过诱导成骨和骨诱导活性来改善骨替代。此外，三维生物打印技术将通过将细胞和生物物质放置到适当位置来促进骨再生。
