Spinal Neurosurgeon, Medcare Orthopaedics and Spine Hospital - MOSH, Sheikh Zayed Road; exit 47, P.O. Box 215565, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso - UFMT, Cuiaba, MT, Brazil.
Neurol Sci. 2017 Jul;38(7):1159-1165. doi: 10.1007/s10072-017-2931-8. Epub 2017 Mar 29.
The description of the motor deficit of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) varies significantly, leading to confusion within the neurological terminology. This paper proposes a concise and easy to use terminology to describe the motor deficit of patients with SCI. A broad review of the origin of the nomenclature used to describe the motor deficit of patients with SCI was performed and discussed. The prefix: "hemi" should be used to describe paralysis of one half of the body; "mono" for one limb; "para" for lower limbs, di" for two symmetrical segments and/or parts in both sides of the body; "tri" for three limbs, or two limbs and one side of the face; and "tetra" for four limbs. The suffix: "plegia" should be used for total paralysis of a limb or part of the body, and "paresis" for partial paralysis. The term "brachial" refers to the upper limbs; and "podal" to the lower limbs. According to the spinal cord origin of the main key muscles for the limbs, patients with complete injury affecting spinal cord segments C1-5 usually presents with "tetraplegia"; C6-T1 presents with "paraplegia and brachial diparesis"; T2-L2 with "paraplegia"; and L3-S1 with "paraparesis".
脊髓损伤（SCI）患者的运动功能障碍描述差异很大，导致神经学术语内部分歧。本文提出了一种简洁易用的术语来描述 SCI 患者的运动功能障碍。对用于描述 SCI 患者运动功能障碍的命名法的起源进行了广泛的回顾和讨论。前缀：“hemi”用于描述身体一侧的瘫痪；“mono”用于描述一条肢体；“para”用于描述下肢，“di”用于描述身体两侧的两个对称节段和/或部分；“tri”用于描述三条肢体，或两条肢体和一侧面部；“tetra”用于描述四肢。后缀：“plegia”用于描述肢体或身体部分的完全瘫痪，“paresis”用于描述部分瘫痪。术语“brachial”用于指代上肢；“podal”用于指代下肢。根据四肢主要关键肌肉的脊髓起源，影响 C1-5 脊髓节段的完全损伤的患者通常表现为“四肢瘫痪”；C6-T1 表现为“截瘫和臂丛二头肌无力”；T2-L2 表现为“截瘫”；L3-S1 表现为“不全截瘫”。
