Jeong Heejin, Liu Yili
a Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , USA.
Ergonomics. 2017 Nov;60(11):1528-1539. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2017.1313457. Epub 2017 Apr 8.
This study examined how finger-touch input performance (i.e. task completion time, failure status, and error rate) and subjective ratings (i.e. performance and physical demand) are influenced by touchscreen gestures' type and direction. Twenty participants performed one-touch (i.e. drag and swipe) and two-touch (i.e. pinch and spread) gesture tasks on a tablet, using several major directions (i.e. eight directions for one-touch and four directions for two-touch gestures). The results showed that swipe was approximately 4.5 times faster than drag, but pinch and spread showed no significant difference in task completion time. Dragging and pinching showed more failures or higher error rates compared to swiping and spreading, respectively. One-touch gestures in the horizontal directions were rated to have higher performance and lower physical demand than those in the vertical and diagonal directions. Two-touch gestures in the horizontal directions took the shortest time but caused more failures and higher error rates. Practitioner Summary: This study provides evidence for the effects of touchscreen gestures' type and direction on human performance and subjective ratings, which varied depending on the number of fingers used. Designers should arrange related touchscreen components accordingly, to improve touch-finger input performance and reduce user workload.
本研究考察了触摸屏手势的类型和方向如何影响手指触摸输入性能（即任务完成时间、失败状态和错误率）以及主观评分（即性能和身体需求）。20名参与者在平板电脑上执行单指触摸（即拖动和滑动）和双指触摸（即捏合和展开）手势任务，使用了几个主要方向（即单指触摸八个方向，双指触摸四个方向）。结果表明，滑动比拖动快约4.5倍，但捏合和展开在任务完成时间上没有显著差异。与滑动和展开相比，拖动和捏合分别显示出更多的失败或更高的错误率。水平方向的单指触摸手势在性能上的评分高于垂直和对角线方向，且身体需求更低。水平方向的双指触摸手势用时最短，但导致更多失败和更高的错误率。从业者总结：本研究为触摸屏手势的类型和方向对人类性能和主观评分的影响提供了证据，这些影响因使用的手指数而异。设计师应相应地安排相关的触摸屏组件，以提高触摸手指输入性能并减轻用户工作量。
