Perkovic Matea Nikolac, Erjavec Gordana Nedic, Strac Dubravka Svob, Uzun Suzana, Kozumplik Oliver, Pivac Nela
Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Clinic for Psychiatry Vrapce, 10090 Zagreb, Croatia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Mar 30;18(4):733. doi: 10.3390/ijms18040733.
Schizophrenia is a highly heritable, chronic, severe, disabling neurodevelopmental brain disorder with a heterogeneous genetic and neurobiological background, which is still poorly understood. To allow better diagnostic procedures and therapeutic strategies in schizophrenia patients, use of easy accessible biomarkers is suggested. The most frequently used biomarkers in schizophrenia are those associated with the neuroimmune and neuroendocrine system, metabolism, different neurotransmitter systems and neurotrophic factors. However, there are still no validated and reliable biomarkers in clinical use for schizophrenia. This review will address potential biomarkers in schizophrenia. It will discuss biomarkers in schizophrenia and propose the use of specific blood-based panels that will include a set of markers associated with immune processes, metabolic disorders, and neuroendocrine/neurotrophin/neurotransmitter alterations. The combination of different markers, or complex multi-marker panels, might help in the discrimination of patients with different underlying pathologies and in the better classification of the more homogenous groups. Therefore, the development of the diagnostic, prognostic and theranostic biomarkers is an urgent and an unmet need in psychiatry, with the aim of improving diagnosis, therapy monitoring, prediction of treatment outcome and focus on the personal medicine approach in order to improve the quality of life in patients with schizophrenia and decrease health costs worldwide.
精神分裂症是一种具有高度遗传性、慢性、严重且致残的神经发育性脑部疾病，其遗传和神经生物学背景具有异质性，目前仍了解甚少。为了在精神分裂症患者中采用更好的诊断程序和治疗策略，建议使用易于获取的生物标志物。精神分裂症中最常用的生物标志物是那些与神经免疫和神经内分泌系统、代谢、不同神经递质系统以及神经营养因子相关的标志物。然而，目前临床上仍没有经过验证且可靠的精神分裂症生物标志物。本综述将探讨精神分裂症的潜在生物标志物。它将讨论精神分裂症中的生物标志物，并提议使用特定的血液检测组合，其中将包括一组与免疫过程、代谢紊乱以及神经内分泌/神经营养因子/神经递质改变相关的标志物。不同标志物的组合，或复杂的多标志物检测组合，可能有助于区分具有不同潜在病理的患者，并更好地对更同质的群体进行分类。因此，开发诊断、预后和治疗诊断生物标志物是精神病学中一项紧迫且未得到满足的需求，目的是改善诊断、治疗监测、预测治疗结果，并注重个性化医疗方法，以提高精神分裂症患者的生活质量并降低全球的医疗成本。
