Nutritional approach to preterm infants on noninvasive ventilation: An update.

Nutrition and pulmonary function in very-low-birth-weight infants (VLBWIs) are strictly related. Preterm infants on noninvasive ventilation may have respiratory instability that can interfere with feeding tolerance. Moreover, feeding may impair pulmonary function. These infants have nutritional requirements different from nonventilated infants. The main challenge of the nutritional support in such patients is to guarantee adequate caloric intake while avoiding episodes of feeding intolerance. The aim of this study was to review the issues and strategies of enteral feeding of preterm infants on noninvasive ventilation.