Silva Mariana C O, Attademo Fernanda F L, Freire Augusto C B, Sousa Glaucia P, Luna Fábia O, Lima Débora C V, Mota Rinaldo A, Mendes Emiko S, Silva Jean C R
J Zoo Wildl Med. 2017 Mar;48(1):13-17. doi: 10.1638/2015-0094.1.
Between September 2001 and March 2013, 62 bacterial cultures (37 aerobic and 25 anaerobic) were performed on 37 blood samples from 23 Antillean manatees ( Trichechus manatus manatus) that were kept in captivity at the Brazilian National Center for Research and Conservation of Aquatic Mammals (CMA) in Pernambuco (CMA-PE) and Alagoas (CMA-AL), Brazil. All of the animals sampled exhibited clinical signs at the time of sampling including abscesses (n = 8), debilitation and anorexia (n = 22), and profound lethargy-moribundity (n = 7). The 4 animals with profound lethargy-moribundity died shortly after sampling of unknown causes. Bacteria were isolated from 15/37 (40.5%) and aerobic blood cultures from 13/23 animals (56.5%). None of the anaerobic cultures were positive. Aeromonas caviae , Aeromonas hydrophila , Aeromonas sp., Escherichia coli , Leclercia adecarboxylata , Pantoea agglomerans , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Pseudomonas stutzeri , Pseudomonas sp., Sphingomonas paucimobilis , coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis were each found in only one animal; Staphylococcus spp. was found in two; and Vibrio fluvialis in four. Thirteen samples had only one bacteria isolated, one sample had two bacteria, and one sample had three bacteria isolated. Regarding sex, age group, and origin among the manatees examined, 54.5% (6/11) of the females, 58.3% (7/12) of the males, 40% (2/5) of the calves, 66.7% (8/12) of the juveniles, 50% (3/6) of the adults, 55.5% (10/18) at CMA-PE, and 60% (3/5) at CMA-AL were found to be positive for bacterial growth during at least one sampling time. All Antillean manatees were clinically ill. Regarding clinical signs, bacteria were found in 50% (11/22) of blood samples of the animals showing debilitation and anorexia, 1 of 8 (12.5%) of blood samples of the animals showing abscesses, and 3 of 7 (42.9%) of blood samples of the animals showing profound lethargy-moribundity.
2001年9月至2013年3月期间，对来自巴西伯南布哥州（CMA-PE）和阿拉戈斯州（CMA-AL）巴西国家水生哺乳动物研究与保护中心（CMA）圈养的23只安的列斯海牛（Trichechus manatus manatus）的37份血液样本进行了62次细菌培养（37次需氧培养和25次厌氧培养）。所有采样的动物在采样时均表现出临床症状，包括脓肿（n = 8）、虚弱和厌食（n = 22）以及深度嗜睡-濒死状态（n = 7）。4只处于深度嗜睡-濒死状态的动物在采样后不久因不明原因死亡。从15/37（40.5%）的样本中分离出细菌，13/23（56.5%）的动物需氧血培养呈阳性。厌氧培养均为阴性。豚鼠气单胞菌、嗜水气单胞菌、气单胞菌属、大肠杆菌、非脱羧勒克菌、成团泛菌、铜绿假单胞菌、斯氏假单胞菌、假单胞菌属、少动鞘氨醇单胞菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌仅在一只动物中发现；葡萄球菌属在两只动物中发现；河流弧菌在四只动物中发现。13个样本仅分离出一种细菌，1个样本分离出两种细菌，1个样本分离出三种细菌。在所检查的海牛中，就性别、年龄组和来源而言，54.5%（6/11）的雌性、58.3%（7/12）的雄性、40%（2/5）的幼崽、66.7%（8/12）的幼年海牛、5０%（3/6）的成年海牛、CMA-PE的55.5%（10/18）以及CMA-AL的60%（3/5）在至少一次采样时细菌生长呈阳性。所有安的列斯海牛均患有临床疾病。就临床症状而言，在表现出虚弱和厌食的动物的血液样本中，50%（11/22）发现有细菌，在表现出脓肿的动物的血液样本中，8份中有1份（12.5%）发现有细菌 ，在表现出深度嗜睡-濒死状态的动物的血液样本中，7份中有3份（42.9%）发现有细菌。
