多发性硬化症患者身体活动的社会认知相关性：抑郁症状的影响。
Social cognitive correlates of physical activity among persons with multiple sclerosis: Influence of depressive symptoms.
机构信息
Center for Behavioral Cardiovascular Health, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, 906S Goodwin Ave, 233 Freer Hall, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
出版信息
Disabil Health J. 2017 Oct;10(4):580-586. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2017.03.006. Epub 2017 Mar 22.
BACKGROUND
Physical inactivity and elevated depressive symptoms are both highly prevalent and correlated among persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). Variables from Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) might be differentially correlated with physical activity in persons with MS who have elevated depressive symptoms.
PURPOSE
This study investigated the influence of elevated depressive symptoms on correlates of physical activity based on SCT in persons with MS.
METHODS
Participants (mean age = 50.3 years, 87% female, 69% Caucasian) completed questionnaires on physical activity, depressive symptoms, self-efficacy, social support, outcome expectations, functional limitations, and goal setting. The questionnaires were delivered and returned through the U.S. Postal Service. The sample (N = 551) was divided into 2 subgroups (i.e., elevated vs non-elevated levels of depressive symptoms) for statistical analyses. Bivariate correlations and stepwise multiple regressions were conducted using SPSS.
RESULTS
Self-efficacy (r = 0.16), functional limitations (r = 0.22) and goal-setting (r = 0.42) were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with physical activity among the elevated depressive sample. The regression analysis indicated that self-efficacy predicted physical activity in Step 1 (β = 0.16, p < 0.05), but was no longer significant when goal-setting (β = 0.06, p > 0.05) entered the model. All social cognitive variables were significantly associated with physical activity levels (r = 0.16-0.40, p < 0.001) among the non-elevated depressive sample. Self-efficacy predicted physical activity in Step 1 (β = 0.24, p < 0.001), but it was no longer significant once goal-setting, functional limitations, and self-evaluative outcome expectations entered the model.
CONCLUSION
Based on SCT, self-efficacy and goal-setting represent possible targets of behavior interventions for increasing physical activity among persons with MS who have elevated depressive symptoms. There is a larger set of targets among those with MS who do not have elevated symptoms.
背景
身体活动不足和抑郁症状升高在多发性硬化症（MS）患者中都非常普遍且相关。社会认知理论（SCT）中的变量可能与抑郁症状升高的 MS 患者的身体活动呈不同相关性。
目的
本研究探讨了基于 SCT 的抑郁症状升高对 MS 患者身体活动相关性的影响。
方法
参与者（平均年龄 50.3 岁，87%为女性，69%为白种人）完成了关于身体活动、抑郁症状、自我效能、社会支持、预期结果、功能限制和目标设定的问卷。这些问卷通过美国邮政服务进行交付和返回。该样本（N=551）分为 2 个亚组（即抑郁症状升高和不升高）进行统计分析。使用 SPSS 进行了双变量相关和逐步多元回归分析。
结果
在抑郁症状升高的样本中，自我效能（r=0.16）、功能限制（r=0.22）和目标设定（r=0.42）与身体活动显著相关（p<0.05）。回归分析表明，在第 1 步中，自我效能预测了身体活动（β=0.16，p<0.05），但当目标设定（β=0.06，p>0.05）进入模型时，它不再显著。所有社会认知变量与非抑郁症状升高的样本中的身体活动水平显著相关（r=0.16-0.40，p<0.001）。在第 1 步中，自我效能预测了身体活动（β=0.24，p<0.001），但一旦目标设定、功能限制和自我评估结果预期进入模型，它就不再显著。
结论
基于 SCT，自我效能和目标设定代表了针对抑郁症状升高的 MS 患者增加身体活动的行为干预的可能目标。在没有抑郁症状升高的 MS 患者中，有更多的目标。
Zotero 插件