Patel Vijay A, Zacharia Thomas T, Goldenberg David, McGinn Johnathan D
Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
Department of Radiology, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
Clin Imaging. 2017 Jul-Aug;44:5-11. doi: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2017.03.014. Epub 2017 Mar 23.
Cranial neuropathies are a spectrum of disorders associated with dysfunction of one or more of the twelve cranial nerves and the subsequent anatomic structures they innervate.
The purpose of this article is to review radiographic imaging findings of end-organ aberrations secondary to cranial neuropathies.
All articles related to cranial neuropathies were retrieved through the PubMed MEDLINE NCBI database from January 1, 1991 to August 31, 2014. These manuscripts were analyzed for their relation to cranial nerve end-organ disease pathogenesis and radiographic imaging.
The present review reveals detectable end-organ changes on CT and/or MRI for the following cranial nerves: olfactory nerve, optic nerve, oculomotor nerve, trochlear nerve, trigeminal nerve, abducens nerve, facial nerve, vestibulocochlear nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve, vagus nerve, accessory nerve, and hypoglossal nerve.
Radiographic imaging can assist in the detailed evaluation of end-organ involvement, often revealing a corresponding cranial nerve injury with high sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy. A thorough understanding of the distal manifestations of cranial nerve disease can optimize early pathologic detection as well as dictate further clinical management.
颅神经病变是一系列与十二对颅神经中一条或多条及其所支配的后续解剖结构功能障碍相关的疾病。
本文旨在综述颅神经病变继发的终末器官异常的影像学表现。
通过PubMed MEDLINE NCBI数据库检索1991年1月1日至2014年8月31日期间所有与颅神经病变相关的文章。对这些手稿进行分析，以确定它们与颅神经终末器官疾病发病机制及影像学表现的关系。
本综述揭示了在CT和/或MRI上可检测到的以下颅神经终末器官变化：嗅神经、视神经、动眼神经、滑车神经、三叉神经、展神经、面神经、前庭蜗神经、舌咽神经、迷走神经、副神经和舌下神经。
影像学检查有助于详细评估终末器官受累情况，通常能以高敏感性和诊断准确性揭示相应的颅神经损伤。全面了解颅神经疾病的远端表现可优化早期病理检测，并指导进一步的临床管理。
