Figueroa Roger, Saltzman Jaclyn, Jarick Metcalfe Jessica, Wiley Angela
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 905 South Goodwin Ave., 230 Bevier Hall MC-180, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 904 W. Nevada St., #1014, MC-081, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
J Obes. 2017;2017:9629748. doi: 10.1155/2017/9629748. Epub 2017 Mar 1.
Forty-one million children globally are overweight or obese, with most rapid rate increases among low- and middle-income nations. Child-minders and health workers play a crucial role in obesity prevention efforts, but their perceptions of childhood obesity in low- and middle-income countries are poorly understood. This study aims to (1) explore child-minders and health workers' perceptions of the causes, consequences, potential strategies, and barriers for childhood obesity prevention and intervention in Cape Town, South Africa and (2) to provisionally test the fit of a socioecological framework to explain these perceptions. Twenty-one interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed through analytic induction. Participants identified multilevel factors and contexts, as well as potential consequences and priorities of interest in addressing childhood obesity. An adapted childhood obesity perceptions model was generated, which introduces an overarching cultural dimension embedded across levels of the socioecological framework. Culture plays a pivotal role in explaining obesogenic outcomes, and the results of this study demonstrate the need for further research investigating how obesity perceptions are shaped by cultural frames (e.g., social, political, and historical). Understanding the causes, consequences, and potential interventions to address obesity through a cultural lens is critical for promoting health in low- and middle-income nations.
全球有4100万儿童超重或肥胖，其中低收入和中等收入国家的增长速度最快。儿童保育员和卫生工作者在预防肥胖的努力中发挥着关键作用，但人们对他们在低收入和中等收入国家对儿童肥胖的认知了解甚少。本研究旨在：（1）探究南非开普敦的儿童保育员和卫生工作者对儿童肥胖预防与干预的原因、后果、潜在策略及障碍的看法；（2）初步检验社会生态框架对这些看法的适用性。通过分析归纳法对21次访谈进行了记录、转录和分析。参与者确定了多层次的因素和背景，以及应对儿童肥胖问题的潜在后果和优先事项。生成了一个经过调整的儿童肥胖认知模型，该模型引入了一个贯穿社会生态框架各层次的总体文化维度。文化在解释致胖结果方面起着关键作用，本研究结果表明需要进一步研究文化框架（如社会、政治和历史框架）如何塑造肥胖认知。从文化视角理解肥胖的成因及后果以及应对肥胖的潜在干预措施，对于促进低收入和中等收入国家的健康至关重要。
