Barbosa Taciano Moura, Carmo Rodrigo Felipe Rodrigues, Silva Leonardo Pereira, Sales Raissa Guerra, Vasconcelos Simao Dias
Insects of Forensic Importance Research Group, Department of Zoology, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 50.670-420, Recife - PE, Brazil (
Environ Entomol. 2017 Jun 1;46(3):460-469. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvx059.
Sandy beaches are among the most impacted ecosystems worldwide, and the effects of urbanization on the biodiversity of these habitats are largely unknown, particularly in Brazil. We investigated the composition and structure of assemblages of sarcosaprophagous insects (Diptera: Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae, and Muscidae) on six sandy beaches exposed to differential levels of human impact in Pernambuco State, Brazil. In total, 20,672 adults of 40 species were collected, of which 70% were Calliphoridae. Sarcophagidae had the highest diversity with 26 species of nine genera. A strong overlap in the composition of the assemblages across the six beaches was observed, with only a few species being restricted to one type of beach. The flesh flies Dexosarcophaga carvalhoi (Lopes), Peckia intermutans (Walker), and Titanogrypa larvicida (Lopes) occurred exclusively in beaches under low anthropogenic impact. Species with strong medical and veterinary importance such as Synthesiomyia nudiseta (Wulp) occurred even in beaches under low human presence. The invasive species Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann) and Chrysomya megacephala (F.) (Calliphoridae) were dominant in all beaches, which exposes the vulnerability of sandy beaches to exotic species. Our data imply that sarcosaprophagous flies can be used as early biological indicators to suggest urbanization in coastal environments.
沙滩是全球受影响最严重的生态系统之一，城市化对这些栖息地生物多样性的影响在很大程度上尚不明确，尤其是在巴西。我们调查了巴西伯南布哥州六个受到不同程度人类影响的沙滩上食尸性昆虫（双翅目：丽蝇科、麻蝇科和蝇科）群落的组成和结构。总共收集到40种20672只成虫，其中70%为丽蝇科。麻蝇科的多样性最高，有9个属的26个物种。观察到六个沙滩上群落组成有很强的重叠，只有少数物种局限于某一种类型的沙滩。腐肉蝇类的卡氏德氏麻蝇（洛佩斯）、互变别麻蝇（沃克）和杀幼虫巨角麻蝇（洛佩斯）仅出现在人为影响较低的沙滩。具有重要医学和兽医学意义的物种，如裸芒综蝇（武尔普），甚至在人类活动较少的沙滩也有出现。入侵物种白纹伊蚊（维德曼）和大头金蝇（法布尔）（丽蝇科）在所有沙滩中都占主导地位，这表明沙滩对外来物种很脆弱。我们的数据表明，食尸蝇可作为早期生物指标，用于提示沿海环境中的城市化情况。
