Kaushal Navin, Rhodes Ryan E, Meldrum John T, Spence John C
Faculty of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Behavioural Medicine Laboratory, Faculty of Education, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
Br J Health Psychol. 2017 Sep;22(3):429-448. doi: 10.1111/bjhp.12237. Epub 2017 Apr 3.
The primary purpose of this study was to investigate how habit strength in a preparatory and performance phase predicts exercise while accounting for intention. The secondary purpose was to determine the strength of potential habit antecedents (affective judgement, perceived behavioural control, consistency, and cues) in both exercise phases.
This was a prospective study with measures collected at baseline and week 6.
Participants (n = 181) were a sample of adults (18-65) recruited across nine gyms and recreation centres who completed baseline and follow-up questionnaires after 6 weeks.
Intention (β = .28, p = .00) and habit preparation (β = .20, p = .03), predicted exercise, and change of exercise with coefficients of β = .25, (p = .00) and β = .18, (p = .04), respectively, across 6 weeks but not habit performance (p>.05).
This study highlighted the distinction between the two phases of exercise and the importance of preparatory habit in predicting behaviour. Focusing on a consistent preparatory routine could be helpful in establishing an exercise habit. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? A recent meta-analysis found habit to correlate r = .43 with behaviour (Gardner, de Bruijn, & Lally, ). Verplanken and Melkevik () propose that habit in exercise should be measured in separate components. Phillips and Gardner () interpreted this as habitual instigation (thought) to exercise and execution. What does this study add? Extended pervious work and identified two distinct behavioural phases (preparation and performance) for exercise. Habit model revealed that temporal consistency was the strongest predictor in both phases of exercise. Intention and habit of preparatory behaviour predicted exercise fluctuations in gym members.
本研究的主要目的是在考虑意向的情况下，探究准备阶段和执行阶段的习惯强度如何预测锻炼行为。次要目的是确定两个锻炼阶段中潜在习惯前因（情感判断、感知行为控制、一致性和线索）的强度。
这是一项前瞻性研究，在基线和第6周收集数据。
参与者（n = 181）是从9家健身房和娱乐中心招募的18至65岁成年人样本，他们在6周后完成了基线和随访问卷。
意向（β = .28，p = .00）和习惯准备（β = .20，p = .03）可预测锻炼行为，并且在6周内锻炼行为的变化系数分别为β = .25（p = .00）和β = .18（p = .04），但习惯执行情况除外（p>.05）。
本研究突出了锻炼两个阶段的差异以及准备阶段习惯在预测行为方面的重要性。专注于一致的准备程序可能有助于建立锻炼习惯。贡献声明关于该主题已知的内容有哪些？最近的一项荟萃分析发现习惯与行为的相关系数r = .43（加德纳、德布鲁因和拉利）。弗尔普朗肯和梅尔克维克提出，锻炼中的习惯应在不同组成部分中进行测量。菲利普斯和加德纳将此解释为锻炼的习惯性激发（想法）和执行。本研究增加了什么？扩展了先前的研究工作，并确定了锻炼的两个不同行为阶段（准备和执行）。习惯模型显示，时间一致性是两个锻炼阶段中最强的预测因素。准备行为的意向和习惯可预测健身房会员的锻炼波动情况。
