Carabaño R, Fraga M J, Santoma G, de Blas J C
Dept. de Nutr. Anim. Escuela Technica Superior de Ingenieros Agronomos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain.
J Anim Sci. 1988 Apr;66(4):901-10. doi: 10.2527/jas1988.664901x.
A total of 260 New Zealand White growing rabbits were used to study the effect of diet on chemical composition of cecal contents and on production and composition of soft and hard feces. Eight diets varying in their acid detergent fiber (9.8% to 32.7%) and starch (13% to 30%) levels were evaluated. The diet affected (P less than .01) all the variables studied, except dry matter (DM) and molar proportions of volatile fatty acids on cecal contents. An increase of dietary crude fiber increased crude fiber level in cecal contents (from 11.58% to 26.53%). However, a relatively lower proportion of fibrous material was found in the cecal contents when rabbits were fed the more fibrous diets. This suggests that dietary fiber has a direct influence on the efficiency of particle separation in the digestive tract. Crude protein and volatile fatty acid concentrations of cecal contents decreased (from 30.14% to 19.65% and from 47.8 to 36.7 mmol/liter, respectively) when dietary crude fiber increased. This could be related to availability of energy to cecal microorganisms. Ammonia concentration of cecal contents was not affected by dietary crude fiber. Daily production of soft feces varied from 14.98 to 29.59 g DM/d, and the contribution of soft feces to total DM and to crude protein intake ranged from 10.6% to 15.0% and from 12.8% to 20.5%, respectively; these values were the smallest and the largest for the least and the most fibrous diets, respectively. From this study we conclude that dietary fiber has a major effect on the digestive processes in the rabbit and that dietary starch level has no influence on any of the variables studied.
总共使用260只新西兰生长兔来研究日粮对盲肠内容物化学成分以及软粪和硬粪的产生及成分的影响。评估了8种日粮，其酸性洗涤纤维（9.8%至32.7%）和淀粉（13%至30%）水平各不相同。日粮对所研究的所有变量都有影响（P小于0.01），但对盲肠内容物中的干物质（DM）和挥发性脂肪酸的摩尔比例没有影响。日粮粗纤维增加会使盲肠内容物中的粗纤维水平升高（从11.58%升至26.53%）。然而，当给兔子饲喂纤维含量更高的日粮时，在盲肠内容物中发现的纤维物质比例相对较低。这表明膳食纤维对消化道中颗粒分离效率有直接影响。当日粮粗纤维增加时，盲肠内容物中的粗蛋白和挥发性脂肪酸浓度降低（分别从30.14%降至19.65%和从47.8降至36.7 mmol/升）。这可能与盲肠微生物的能量可利用性有关。盲肠内容物中的氨浓度不受日粮粗纤维的影响。软粪的日产量从14.98至29.59 g DM/天不等，软粪对总干物质和粗蛋白摄入量的贡献分别为10.6%至15.0%和12.8%至20.5%；这些值分别是纤维含量最低和最高的日粮中最小和最大的。从这项研究中我们得出结论，膳食纤维对兔子的消化过程有主要影响，并且日粮淀粉水平对所研究的任何变量都没有影响。
