Park Mirae, Kim Hyeyoung
Brian Korea 21 PLUS Project, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
J Cancer Prev. 2017 Mar;22(1):1-5. doi: 10.15430/JCP.2017.22.1.1. Epub 2017 Mar 30.
Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignant tumor of the digestive system and radical resection, which is available to very few patients, might be the only possibility for cure. Since therapeutic choices are limited at the advanced stage, prevention is more important for reducing incidence in high-risk individuals with family history of pancreatic cancer. Epidemiological studies have shown that a high consumption of fish oil or ω3-polyunsaturated fatty acids reduces the risk of pancreatic cancers. Dietary fish oil supplementation has shown to suppress pancreatic cancer development in animal models. Previous experimental studies revealed that several hallmarks of cancer involved in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer, such as the resistance to apoptosis, hyper-proliferation with abnormal Wnt/β-catenin signaling, expression of pro-angiogenic growth factors, and invasion. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a ω3-polyunsaturated fatty acid and rich in cold oceanic fish oil. DHA shows anti-cancer activity by inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis, inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and decreasing extracellular matrix degradation and expression of pro-angiogenic factors in pancreatic cancer cells. This review will summarize anti-cancer mechanism of DHA in pancreatic carcinogenesis based on the recent studies.
胰腺癌是消化系统一种极具侵袭性的恶性肿瘤，根治性切除可能是唯一的治愈方法，但适合的患者极少。由于晚期胰腺癌的治疗选择有限，对于有胰腺癌家族史的高危个体，预防对于降低发病率更为重要。流行病学研究表明，大量摄入鱼油或ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸可降低患胰腺癌的风险。在动物模型中，膳食补充鱼油已显示出可抑制胰腺癌的发展。先前的实验研究表明，胰腺癌发病机制涉及癌症的几个特征，如抗凋亡、Wnt/β-连环蛋白信号异常导致的过度增殖、促血管生成生长因子的表达以及侵袭。二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）是一种ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸，富含于寒冷海洋鱼类的鱼油中。DHA通过诱导氧化应激和细胞凋亡、抑制Wnt/β-连环蛋白信号以及减少胰腺癌细胞外基质降解和促血管生成因子的表达来发挥抗癌活性。本综述将基于近期研究总结DHA在胰腺癌发生过程中的抗癌机制。
