Laboratory of Cognitive Neurorehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Division of Neurorehabilitation, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospital, 26, Av. de Beau-Séjour, 1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland.
Brain Struct Funct. 2017 Nov;222(8):3605-3613. doi: 10.1007/s00429-017-1420-4. Epub 2017 Apr 5.
Visual attention can be deployed in space-based or object-centered reference frames. Right-hemisphere damage may lead to distinct deficits of space- or object-based processing, and such dissociations are thought to underlie the heterogeneous nature of spatial neglect. Previous studies have suggested that object-centered processing deficits (such as in copying, reading or line bisection) result from damage to retro-rolandic regions while impaired spatial exploration reflects damage to more anterior regions. However, this evidence is based on small samples and heterogeneous tasks. Here, we tested a theoretical model of neglect that takes in account the space- and object-based processing and relates them to neuroanatomical predictors. One hundred and one right-hemisphere-damaged patients were examined with classic neuropsychological tests and structural brain imaging. Relations between neglect measures and damage to the temporal-parietal junction, intraparietal cortex, insula and middle frontal gyrus were examined with two structural equation models by assuming that object-centered processing (involved in line bisection and single-word reading) and space-based processing (involved in cancelation tasks) either represented a unique latent variable or two distinct variables. Of these two models the latter had better explanatory power. Damage to the intraparietal sulcus was a significant predictor of object-centered, but not space-based processing, while damage to the temporal-parietal junction predicted space-based, but not object-centered processing. Space-based processing and object-centered processing were strongly intercorrelated, indicating that they rely on similar, albeit partly dissociated processes. These findings indicate that object-centered and space-based deficits in neglect are partly independent and result from superior parietal and inferior parietal damage, respectively.
视觉注意力可以在基于空间或基于对象的参考框架中进行部署。右脑损伤可能导致基于空间或基于对象的处理明显缺陷，并且这种分离被认为是空间忽视的异质性的基础。先前的研究表明，基于对象的处理缺陷（例如在复制、阅读或线二分）是由于 retro-rolandic 区域的损伤引起的，而空间探索受损则反映了更靠前区域的损伤。然而，这一证据基于小样本和异质任务。在这里，我们测试了一个考虑基于空间和基于对象的处理并将其与神经解剖学预测因素相关联的忽视理论模型。我们用经典神经心理学测试和结构脑成像检查了 101 名右脑损伤患者。通过假设基于对象的处理（涉及线二分和单个单词阅读）和基于空间的处理（涉及取消任务）代表一个独特的潜在变量或两个不同的变量，我们使用两个结构方程模型来检查忽视测量值与颞顶交界处、顶内回、脑岛和中额回之间的关系。在这两个模型中，后者具有更好的解释能力。顶内回损伤是基于对象的处理的显著预测因子，但不是基于空间的处理，而颞顶交界处损伤则预测了基于空间的处理，但不是基于对象的处理。基于空间的处理和基于对象的处理之间存在强烈的相关性，这表明它们依赖于相似的、尽管部分分离的过程。这些发现表明，忽视中基于对象和基于空间的缺陷部分是独立的，分别是由顶叶上回和顶叶下回损伤引起的。
