Draper Anthony Dk, Morton Claire N, Heath Joshua Ni, Lim Justin A, Markey Peter G
Centre for Disease Control, Northern Territory Government Department of Health, Darwin, Northern Territory.
National School of Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory.
Commun Dis Intell Q Rep. 2017 Mar 31;41(1):E10-E15. doi: 10.33321/cdi.2017.41.3.
An outbreak of salmonellosis occurred following attendance at a school camp between 5 and 8 August 2014 in a remote area of the Northern Territory, Australia. We conducted a retrospective cohort study via telephone interviews, using a structured questionnaire that recorded symptoms and exposures to foods and activities during the camp. A case was anyone with laboratory confirmed Salmonella Saintpaul infection or a clinically compatible illness after attending the camp. Environmental health officers from the Environmental Health Branch undertook an investigation and collected water and environmental samples. We interviewed 65 (97%) of the 67 people who attended the camp. There were 60 students and 7 adults. Of the 65 people interviewed, 30 became ill (attack rate 46%); all were students; and 4 had laboratory confirmed S. Saintpaul infection. The most commonly reported symptoms were diarrhoea (100% 30/30), abdominal pain (93% 28/30), nausea (93% 28/30) and fever (70% 21/30). Thirteen people sought medical attention but none required hospitalisation. Illness was significantly associated with drinking cordial at lunch on 7 August (RR 3.8, 95% CI 1.3-11, P < 0.01), as well as drinking cordial at lunch on 8 August (RR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1-4.2, P=0.01). Salmonella spp. was not detected in water samples or wallaby faeces collected from the camp ground. The epidemiological investigation suggests the outbreak was caused by environmental contamination of food or drink and could have occurred during ice preparation or storage, preparation of the cordial or from inadequate sanitising of the cooler from which the cordial was served. This outbreak highlights the risks of food or drink contamination with environmental Salmonella. Those preparing food and drink in campground settings should be vigilant with cleaning, handwashing and disinfection to prevent outbreaks of foodborne disease.
2014年8月5日至8日，在澳大利亚北领地的一个偏远地区，一所学校举办露营活动后爆发了沙门氏菌病疫情。我们通过电话访谈开展了一项回顾性队列研究，使用结构化问卷记录露营期间的症状以及食物和活动接触情况。病例定义为参加露营后实验室确诊感染圣保罗沙门氏菌或患有临床症状相符疾病的任何人。环境卫生部门的环境卫生官员进行了调查并采集了水和环境样本。我们对参加露营的67人中的65人（97%）进行了访谈。其中有60名学生和7名成年人。在接受访谈的65人中，30人患病（发病率46%）；均为学生；4人实验室确诊感染圣保罗沙门氏菌。最常报告的症状为腹泻（100%，30/30）、腹痛（93%，28/30）、恶心（93%，28/30）和发热（70%，21/30）。13人寻求医疗救治，但无人需要住院治疗。发病与8月7日午餐时饮用果汁饮料显著相关（相对危险度3.8，95%可信区间1.3 - 11，P < 0.01），以及8月8日午餐时饮用果汁饮料（相对危险度2.1，95%可信区间1.1 - 4.2，P = 0.01）。从营地采集的水样或小袋鼠粪便中未检测到沙门氏菌属。流行病学调查表明，此次疫情是由食物或饮料的环境污染所致，可能发生在冰块制备或储存、果汁饮料制备过程中，或者是提供果汁饮料的冷却器消毒不充分。此次疫情凸显了环境中的沙门氏菌污染食物或饮料的风险。在露营地准备食物和饮料的人员应注意清洁、洗手和消毒，以预防食源性疾病的爆发。
