Doydora Sarah A, Sun Peizhe, Cabrera Miguel, Mantripragada Nehru, Rema John, Pavlostathis Spyros G, Huang Ching-Hua, Thompson Aaron
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, 3111 Miller Plant Sciences Building, 120 Carlton Street, Athens, GA, 30602-7272, USA.
School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 790 Atlantic Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0355, USA.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017 May;24(15):13466-13473. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-8727-9. Epub 2017 Apr 7.
Monensin is a common antiparasitic drug given to poultry that contaminates poultry manure and bedding material (broiler litter). As broiler litter is commonly applied to agricultural fields as fertilizer, monensin could be released beyond the farm if it is not retained or degraded in the soil. This study aimed to assess the impact of long-term surface application of broiler litter (i.e., 17 years) on the capacity of pasture soil to sorb monensin. The soils were exposed to a range of monensin concentrations (0.18 to 1.81 μmol L), solution pH (pH 4-9), and temperatures (15, 25, and 35 °C) and monensin was measured as loss from solution (i.e., sorption). Soils receiving long-term litter applications were hypothesized to retain more monensin than unamended soils because they have higher organic matter concentrations. However, soils from broiler litter-amended fields sorbed 46% less monensin than soils from unamended fields, likely because broiler litter also increased soil pH. The sorption of monensin to soil was strongly influenced by pH, with an order of magnitude greater sorption at pH 4 than at pH 9. Both soils had similar capacity to sorb monensin under similar solution pH, despite differences in organic carbon content (with the broiler litter-amended having 25% greater relative to the unamended soil). Temperature did not significantly impact monensin sorption for either soil. Our findings suggest increasing soil pH, for instance through liming, could enhance mobility of monensin.
莫能菌素是一种常用的抗寄生虫药物，用于家禽养殖，它会污染家禽粪便和垫料（肉鸡粪便）。由于肉鸡粪便通常作为肥料施用于农田，如果莫能菌素在土壤中不被保留或降解，它可能会扩散到农场之外。本研究旨在评估长期（即17年）地表施用肉鸡粪便对牧场土壤吸附莫能菌素能力的影响。将土壤暴露于一系列莫能菌素浓度（0.18至1.81 μmol/L）、溶液pH值（pH 4 - 9）和温度（15、25和35℃）下，并测量莫能菌素从溶液中的损失量（即吸附量）。据推测，长期施用粪便的土壤比未改良的土壤能保留更多的莫能菌素，因为它们的有机质浓度更高。然而，来自施用肉鸡粪便改良田地的土壤对莫能菌素的吸附量比未改良田地的土壤少46%，这可能是因为肉鸡粪便也提高了土壤pH值。莫能菌素在土壤中的吸附受pH值的强烈影响，在pH 4时的吸附量比在pH 9时大一个数量级。尽管有机碳含量存在差异（施用肉鸡粪便改良的土壤相对于未改良土壤高25%），但在相似的溶液pH值下，两种土壤吸附莫能菌素的能力相似。温度对两种土壤的莫能菌素吸附均无显著影响。我们的研究结果表明，例如通过施用石灰提高土壤pH值，可能会增强莫能菌素的迁移性。
