Mendoza Saulo, Trenchevska Olgica, King Sarah M, Nelson Randall W, Nedelkov Dobrin, Krauss Ronald M, Yassine Hussein N
Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Molecular Biomarkers Laboratory, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
J Clin Lipidol. 2017 Jan-Feb;11(1):224-233.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jacl.2016.12.009. Epub 2016 Dec 28.
The presence of small dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is associated with obesity, type II diabetes, and an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Apolipoprotein C-III (apoC-III) is involved in the formation of small dense LDL, but the exact mechanisms are still not well defined. ApoC-III is a glycosylated apolipoprotein, with 3 major glycoforms: apoC-III, apoC-III, and apoC-III that contain 0, 1, or 2 molecules of sialic acid, respectively. In our previous work, we reported an association among apoC-III and apoC-III, but not apoC-III with fasting plasma triglyceride levels in obesity and type II diabetes.
The goal of this study was to determine the relationship between changes in the major apoC-III glycoforms and small dense LDL levels after dietary interventions.
Mass spectrometric immunoassay was performed on fasting plasma samples from 61 subjects who underwent either a high-carbohydrate diet (n = 34) or a weight loss intervention (n = 27).
After both dietary interventions, changes in total apoC-III concentrations were associated with changes in LDL peak particle diameter (r = -0.58, P < .0001). Increases in total apoC-III concentrations after the high-carbohydrate diet were associated with decreases in LDL size (r = -0.53, P = .001), and decreases in apoC-III concentrations after weight loss were associated with increases in LDL peak particle diameter (r = -0.54, P = .004). Changes in concentrations of apoC-III and apoC-III, but not apoC-III, were associated with changes in LDL peak particle diameter in both the weight loss and high-carbohydrate interventions.
We conclude that apoC-III and apoC-III, but not apoC-III are associated with the formation of small dense LDL.
小而密的低密度脂蛋白（LDL）的存在与肥胖、II型糖尿病以及心血管疾病风险增加有关。载脂蛋白C-III（apoC-III）参与小而密LDL的形成，但其确切机制仍未完全明确。ApoC-III是一种糖基化载脂蛋白，有3种主要糖型：apoC-III0、apoC-III1和apoC-III2，分别含有0、1或2个唾液酸分子。在我们之前的研究中，我们报道了apoC-III1和apoC-III2之间存在关联，但apoC-III0与肥胖和II型糖尿病患者的空腹血浆甘油三酯水平无关联。
本研究旨在确定饮食干预后主要apoC-III糖型变化与小而密LDL水平之间的关系。
对61名接受高碳水化合物饮食（n = 34）或减肥干预（n = 27）的受试者的空腹血浆样本进行质谱免疫分析。
两种饮食干预后，总apoC-III浓度的变化与LDL峰值颗粒直径的变化相关（r = -0.58，P <.0001）。高碳水化合物饮食后总apoC-III浓度的增加与LDL大小的减小相关（r = -0.53，P =.001），减肥后apoC-III浓度的降低与LDL峰值颗粒直径的增加相关（r = -0.54，P =.004）。在减肥和高碳水化合物干预中，apoC-III1和apoC-III2浓度的变化与LDL峰值颗粒直径的变化相关，但apoC-III0浓度的变化与之无关。
我们得出结论，apoC-III1和apoC-III2与小而密LDL的形成有关，而apoC-III0与之无关。
