Manu David, Mendonca Aubrey F, Daraba Aura, Dickson James S, Sebranek Joseph, Shaw Angela, Wang Fei, White Shecoya
1 Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University , Ames, Iowa.
3 Department of Food Science, Food Engineering and Applied Biotechnology, University "Dunarea de Jos" of Galati , Galati, Romania .
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2017 May;14(5):302-307. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2016.2214. Epub 2017 Feb 21.
The effectiveness of cinnamaldehyde for inactivating Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in carrot juice (CRJ) and mixed berry juice (MBJ) was investigated. Brain heart infusion broth (BHI), CRJ, and MBJ, with concentrations of added cinnamaldehyde ranging from 0.15 to 1.5 μL/mL, 0.25 to 2.0 μL/mL, and 0.25 to 1.5 μL/mL, respectively, were each inoculated with a 5-strain mixture of Salmonella enterica or Escherichia coli O157:H7 to give an initial viable count of 5.07 log colony-forming units/mL. Inoculated BHI or juices without cinnamaldehyde served as controls. Growth of the pathogens in BHI (35°C) was monitored by taking absorbance readings (optical density [OD] 600 nm) for 24 h. The inoculated juices were held at 4°C or 12°C for 24 h, and numbers of viable pathogens were determined at 0, 2, 4, 8, and 24 h by plating samples on selective agar followed by incubation (35°C) and counting bacterial colonies at 48 h. The minimum inhibitory concentration of cinnamaldehyde for both pathogens in BHI was 0.25 μL/mL. The pathogens were more sensitive to cinnamaldehyde in MBJ compared with CRJ, irrespective of storage temperature (p < 0.05). At 4°C, cinnamaldehyde (1.5 μL/mL) completely inactivated S. enterica and E. coli in MBJ (negative by enrichment) within 2 h and 8 h, respectively; whereas both pathogens were detected in CRJ (4°C; with 2.0 μL/mL cinnamaldehyde) at 8 and 24 h. At 12°C, S. enterica and E. coli were undetected in MBJ (1.5 μL/mL cinnamaldehyde) within 2 and 4 h, respectively; however, in CRJ (12°C; 2.0 μL/mL cinnamaldehyde), complete inactivation of S. enterica and E. coli occurred within 4 and 24 h, respectively. Cinnamaldehyde is an effective antimicrobial from natural sources that can be used for inactivating bacterial pathogens in fruit and vegetable juices to enhance microbial safety of these nutritious food products.
研究了肉桂醛对胡萝卜汁(CRJ)和混合浆果汁(MBJ)中肠炎沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌O157:H7的灭活效果。分别向脑心浸液肉汤(BHI)、CRJ和MBJ中添加浓度范围为0.15至1.5μL/mL、0.25至2.0μL/mL和0.25至1.5μL/mL的肉桂醛,然后分别接种肠炎沙门氏菌或大肠杆菌O157:H7的5菌株混合物,使初始活菌数达到5.07 log菌落形成单位/mL。接种了无肉桂醛的BHI或果汁作为对照。通过在24小时内读取吸光度(600nm光密度[OD])来监测BHI(35°C)中病原体的生长。将接种后的果汁在4°C或12°C下保存24小时,并在0、2、4、8和24小时通过将样品接种在选择性琼脂上,然后进行培养(35°C)并在48小时时计数细菌菌落来确定活菌病原体的数量。肉桂醛对BHI中两种病原体的最低抑菌浓度为0.25μL/mL。无论储存温度如何,与CRJ相比,病原体在MBJ中对肉桂醛更敏感(p<0.05)。在4°C时,肉桂醛(1.5μL/mL)分别在2小时和8小时内完全灭活了MBJ中的肠炎沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌(富集检测为阴性);而在8小时和24小时时,CRJ(4°C;添加2.0μL/mL肉桂醛)中均检测到这两种病原体。在12°C时,肠炎沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌分别在2小时和4小时内未在MBJ(1.5μL/mL肉桂醛)中检测到;然而,在CRJ(12°C;2.0μL/mL肉桂醛)中,肠炎沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌分别在4小时和24小时内完全被灭活。肉桂醛是一种有效的天然抗菌剂,可用于灭活果蔬汁中的细菌病原体,以提高这些营养食品的微生物安全性。